Editing Chanson (section)

{{Short description|Lyric-driven French song}}
{{about|the musical term|the song genre|Nouvelle Chanson|other uses|Chanson (disambiguation)}}
{{About|the English-language use of the term Chanson|the French-language use of the term|Song}}
{{Refimprove|date=April 2011}}
{{Italic title}}
{{Infobox music genre
| name              = Chanson
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| stylistic_origins = [[Poetry]]
| cultural_origins  = Late [[medieval]] era, [[France]]
| derivatives       = {{hlist|[[Grand chant|Chanson courtoise]]|[[Chanson de geste]]|[[Motet-chanson]]}}
| subgenres         =
| subgenrelist      =
| fusiongenres      =
| regional_scenes   =
| local_scenes      =
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}}

A {{lang|fr|'''chanson'''}} ({{IPAc-en|UK|ˈ|ʃ|ɒ̃|s|ɒ̃}},<ref name="OB">{{Cite dictionary |url=http://www.lexico.com/definition/chanson |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624202100/https://www.lexico.com/definition/chanson |url-status=dead |archive-date=June 24, 2021 |title=chanson |dictionary=[[Lexico]] UK English Dictionary |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]}}</ref> {{IPAc-en|US|ʃ|ɑː|n|ˈ|s|ɔː|n}};<ref>{{Cite dictionary |url=http://www.lexico.com/en/definition/chanson |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624200940/https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/chanson |url-status=dead |archive-date=June 24, 2021 |title=chanson |dictionary=[[Lexico]] UK English Dictionary US English Dictionary |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]}}</ref> {{langx|fr|chanson française|link=no}} {{IPA|fr|ʃɑ̃sɔ̃ fʁɑ̃sɛːz||LL-Q150 (fra)-Poslovitch-chanson.wav}}, {{literal translation|French [[song]]}}) is generally any [[Lyrics|lyric]]-driven French song. The term is most commonly used in English to refer either to the secular [[polyphonic]] French songs of late [[medieval music|medieval]] and [[Renaissance music]] or to a specific style of [[French pop music]] which emerged in the 1950s and 1960s.<ref name="OED">{{cite encyclopedia |encyclopedia=[[Oxford English Dictionary]] |title=chanson, n. |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |location=Oxford |url-access=subscription |url=https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/30506 |access-date=20 June 2021 }} {{subscription required}}</ref>{{sfn|Wilkins|2001|loc=Introduction}}<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |date=18 December 2017 |title=Chanson &#124; Biography, Paper & Facts &#124; Britannica |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |publisher=[[Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.]] |location=Chicago |access-date=18 May 2020 |url=https://www.britannica.com/art/chanson |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200412030625/https://www.britannica.com/art/chanson |archive-date=12 April 2020 |url-status=dead |ref={{sfnRef|''Britannica''|2020}} }}{{subscription required}}</ref> The [[genre]] had origins in the [[monophony|monophonic]] songs of [[troubadour]]s and [[trouvère]]s, though the only polyphonic precedents were 16 works by [[Adam de la Halle]] and one by [[Jehan de Lescurel]].{{sfn|Wilkins|2001|loc=1. Origins to about 1430}} Not until the ''[[ars nova]]'' composer [[Guillaume de Machaut]] did any composer write a significant number of polyphonic chansons.{{sfn|Wilkins|2001|loc=1. Origins to about 1430}}

A broad term, the word ''chanson'' literally means "'''song'''" in French and can thus less commonly refer to a variety of (usually [[secular]]) French genres throughout history. This includes the songs of [[chansonnier]], ''[[chanson de geste]]'' and [[Grand chant]]; court songs of the late Renaissance and early [[Baroque music]] periods, ''[[air de cour]]''; popular songs from the 17th to 19th century, ''[[bergerette]]'', ''[[brunette (song form)|brunette]]'', ''[[chanson pour boire]]'', ''[[pastourelle]]'', and [[vaudeville]]; [[art song]] of the [[romantic music|romantic]] era, ''[[mélodie]]''; and folk music, ''{{ill|Chanson populaire (chanson)|fr|lt=chanson populaire}}''.{{sfn|Wilkins|2001|loc=Introduction}} Since the 1990s, the term may be used for '''[[Nouvelle Chanson]]''', a French song that often contains poetic or political content.<ref name="OED"/>