Editing Chaplain (section)

{{Short description|Spiritual representative attached to a secular institution}}
{{For|people with the surname|Chaplain (surname)}}
{{Distinguish|Chaplin (disambiguation){{!}}Chaplin}}
{{Use mdy dates|date= July 2014}}
[[Image:ManassehCutler.jpg|thumb|The Reverend [[Manasseh Cutler]], [[American Revolutionary War]] chaplain who served in George Washington's [[Continental Army]] and co-founded [[Ohio University]]]]

A '''chaplain''' is, traditionally, a [[cleric]] (such as a [[Minister (Christianity)|minister]], [[priest]], [[pastor]], [[rabbi]], [[purohit]], or [[imam]]), or a [[laity|lay]] representative of a religious tradition, attached to a [[secularity|secular institution]] (such as a [[hospital]], [[prison]], [[Military organization|military unit]], [[intelligence agency]], [[embassy]], [[school]], [[labor union]], [[business]], [[Police|police department]], [[fire department]], [[university]], [[sports club]]), or a private [[chapel]]. The term '''chaplaincy''' refers to the chapel, facility or department in which one or more chaplains carry out their role.

Though the term ''chaplain'' originally referred to representatives of the Christian faith,<ref>Compare: {{cite web |url= http://chaplains.iphc.org/stories/etymology.html |title= The Etymology of the Word Chaplain |access-date= 2021-04-03 |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080905050247/http://chaplains.iphc.org/stories/etymology.html |archive-date= September 5, 2008 |df= mdy-all | last = Morgan | first = Hugh H. | publisher =  International Pentecostal Holiness Church Ministries | quote = The cappellanus (chaplain) was a member of one institution – a priest of the church serving in another institution – the king's army. }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title= Chaplaincy: the church's sector ministries|last= Legood|first= Giles|publisher= Cassell |year= 1999|isbn= 978-0304702954|location= London}}</ref>{{request quotation|date=April 2021}} it is now also applied to people of other religions or philosophical traditions, as in the case of chaplains serving with military forces and an increasing number of chaplaincies at U.S. universities.<ref>{{Cite web|url= http://humanistchaplaincies.org/|title= Humanist Chaplaincies|website= humanistchaplaincies.org}}</ref> In recent times,{{when|date=April 2021}} many lay people have received professional training in chaplaincy and are now appointed as chaplains in schools, hospitals, companies, universities, prisons and elsewhere to work alongside, or instead of, official members of the clergy.<ref>Norman, J. (2004). At The Heart of Education: School Chaplaincy and Pastoral Care. Dublin: Veritas.</ref> The concepts of a ''multi-faith team'', ''secular'', ''generic'' or ''humanist'' chaplaincy are also gaining increasing use, particularly within [[healthcare]] and [[education]]al settings.<ref>
{{cite news
|title= Multi-Faith [Spaces]|work= [[University of Manchester]]
|url= https://cargocollective.com/wwwmulti-faith-spacesorg|date= March 2012
|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20121015213253/http://www.multi-faith-spaces.org/
|archive-date= October 15, 2012|url-status= live|df= mdy-all
}}
</ref>

In the Catholic tradition, a chaplain is also a traditional name for the auxiliary priest (priest assistant/cooperator) which is assigned to any parish and subordinate to its parson. This position is now officially called [[parochial vicar]] or [[assistant priest]] (some dioceses use officially the term chaplain). Side buildings of some parish houses (rectories) are traditionally called [[chaplain house]]s. This historic term originated from the fact that the chaplain was usually assigned to some filial church or any chapel. Until 1983, [[Code of the Canon Law|Codex Iuris Canonici]] from 1917 (canons 471–476) distinguished 5 types of parochial vicars: vicarius actualis, vicarius oeconomus, vicarius substitutus, vicarius adiutor, and vicarius cooperator (who is traditionally called a chaplain). Since 1983, CIC doesn't distinguish such subtypes. The parochial vicar can take charge of some part of the parish, or some groups of parishioners (youth, students, seniors, elderly etc.), or some specific tasks.