Editing Chernivtsi (section)

{{Short description|City in Chernivtsi Oblast, Ukraine}}
{{about|the Ukrainian city in Chernivtsi Raion, Chernivtsi Oblast|the Israeli writer|Yemima Avidar-Tchernovitz|other uses|Chernivtsi (disambiguation)}}
{{distinguish|Chernihiv}}
{{redirect|Cernăuți|the former administrative subdivision of Romania|Cernăuți County}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2015}}
{{Infobox settlement
 | official_name            = Chernivtsi
 | native_name              = {{lang|uk|Чернівці}}
 | other_name               = {{lang|ro|Cernăuți}}<!-- Do NOT remove the Romanian name of Chernivtsi as it has historical importance. Removal of it will result in a revert and eventually a report if repeated. -->
 | nickname                 = "Little Vienna"<ref name="day" /><ref name="cognita" />
 | settlement_type          = [[List of cities in Ukraine|City]]
 | image_skyline            = {{Photomontage|position = center
 | photo1a = Chernivtsi University.jpg
 | photo2a = Architecture-of-Chernivtsi-4.jpg
 | photo2b = Німецький Народний Дім.jpg 
 | photo3a = Готель «Пансіон сіті» Чернівці Університетська, 34.JPG
 | photo3b = Чернівці Кобилянської 2.jpg
 | photo4b = Chern-Panorama2.jpg
 | size    = 280
 | spacing = 2
 | color   = #FFFFFF
 | border  = 0
   }}
 | image_caption            = '''From top, left to right:''' {{hlist|[[Chernivtsi University]]|[[Chernivtsi Regional Art Museum|Art Museum]]|German People's House|Hotel Pension Сity|Olha Kobylians'ka Street|Theatre Square}}
 | image_flag               = Flag Czernovcov L.JPG
 | image_shield             = Coat of arms of Chernivtsi.svg
 | shield_size              = 100px
 | pushpin_map              = Ukraine Chernivtsi Oblast#Ukraine
 | pushpin_label_position   = 
 | pushpin_map_alt          = 
 | pushpin_map_caption      = Location of Chernivtsi in Chernivtsi Oblast##Location of Chernivtsi in Ukraine
 | coordinates              = {{coord|48|18|0|N|25|56|0|E|region:UA_type:city|display=inline,title}}
 | image_map                = Raions of Chernivtsi Oblast (named map).png
 | map_caption              = The Chernivtsi City Municipality (center) on the map of [[Chernivtsi Oblast]].
 | subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
 | subdivision_name         = {{Flagu|Ukraine}}
 | subdivision_type1        = [[Oblasts of Ukraine|Oblast]]
 | subdivision_name1        = [[Chernivtsi Oblast]]
 | subdivision_type2        = [[Raions of Ukraine|Raion]]
 | subdivision_name2        = [[Chernivtsi Raion]]
 | parts_type               = [[#Government and administrative divisions|Subdivisions]]
 | parts_style              = <!-- Use "list" (for list), "coll" (for collapsed list), "para" (for paragraph format). Default is "list" if up to 5 items, then-->
 | leader_title             = [[List of mayors of Chernivtsi|Mayor]]
 | leader_name              = [[Roman Klichuk (politician)|Roman Klichuk]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 November 2020 |title=Roman Klichuk wins Chernivtsi mayoral election |url=https://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-elections/3145624-klichuk-wins-chernivtsi-mayoral-election.html |website=[[Ukrinform]]}}</ref>
 | leader_party             = United Alternative<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 November 2020 |script-title=uk:В Чернівцях оголосили офіційні результати виборів мера |trans-title=The official results of the mayoral election have been announced in Chernivtsi |url=https://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2020/11/30/7275314/ |website=[[Ukrainska Pravda]] |language=uk}}</ref>
 | established_title        = First mentioned
 | established_date         = 1408
 | established_title2       = [[City rights]]
 | established_date2        = 14th century
 | area_total_km2           = 153
 | population_as_of         = 2022
 | population_total         = 264298
 | population_metro         = 
 | population_density_km2   = auto
 | timezone                 = EET
 | utc_offset               = +2
 | timezone_DST             = EEST
 | utc_offset_DST           = +3
 | elevation_m              = 248
 | postal_code_type         = Postal code
 | postal_code              = 58000
 | area_code                = +380 372
 | registration_plate       = CE/26
 | blank_name               = [[Town twinning|Sister cities]]
 | blank_info               = [[Salt Lake City]], [[Konin]], [[Suceava]], [[Nazareth Illit]], [[Saskatoon]], [[Klagenfurt]]
 | website                  = {{URL|city.cv.ua}} <br /> {{URL|travel.chernivtsi.ua/en}}
 | subdivision_type3        = [[Hromada]]
 | subdivision_name3        = [[Chernivtsi urban hromada]]
}}
[[File:Ukraine. Pokutia. Beuaplan 1648.jpg|thumb|"Czarnowce" on a 1639 [[Guillaume Le Vasseur de Beauplan|Beauplan]] map centered on [[Pokuttia]]; placed in "Wallachia or Little Moldavia", bottom right]]

'''Chernivtsi''' ({{langx|uk|Чернівці}}, {{IPA|uk|tʃern⁽ʲ⁾iu̯ˈts⁽ʲ⁾i|pron|Uk-Чернівці.ogg}}; {{langx|ro|Cernăuți}}<!-- Do NOT remove the Romanian name of Chernivtsi as it has historical importance. Removal of it will result in a revert and eventually a report if repeated. -->, {{IPA|ro|tʃernəˈutsʲ|pron|Ro-Cernăuți.ogg}}; see also [[#Names|other names]]) is a city in southwestern [[Ukraine]] on the upper course of the [[Prut]] River. Formerly the capital of the historic region of [[Bukovina]], which is now divided between [[Romania]] and Ukraine, Chernivtsi serves as the administrative center for the [[Chernivtsi urban hromada]],<ref name="reform2020">{{Cite web |script-title=ru:Черновицкая громада |url=https://gromada.info/ru/obschina/chernivci/ |publisher=Портал об'єднаних громад України |language=ru}}</ref> the [[Chernivtsi Raion]], and the [[Chernivtsi Oblast|oblast itself]]. The Chernivtsi population is {{Ua-pop-est2022|264,298|punct=,}} and the latest [[Ukrainian Census (2001)|census in 2001]] was 240,600.<ref name="Census">{{Cite web |title=About number and composition population of Chernivtsi Region by data All-Ukrainian Population Census '2001 |url=http://ukrcensus.gov.ua/eng/results/general/estimate/Chernivtsi/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051226110246/http://ukrcensus.gov.ua/eng/results/general/estimate/Chernivtsi/ |archive-date=26 December 2005 |access-date=2012-12-05 |website=State Statistics Committee of Ukraine |df=dmy}}</ref>

The first document that refers to this city dates back to 1408,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Chernivtsi |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Chernivtsi-Ukraine |access-date=2022-10-18 |website=Encyclopædia Britannica Online}}</ref> when Chernivtsi was a town in the region of [[Moldavia]], formerly as a defensive fortification, and became the center of Bukovina in 1488. In 1538, Chernivtsi was under the control of the [[Principality of Moldavia]] under [[Crown of the Kingdom of Poland|Polish]] suzerainty, later under [[Ottoman Empire]] suzerainty, and the Moldavian control lasted for two centuries until 1774, when [[Archduchy of Austria|Austria]] took control of Bukovina in the aftermath of the [[Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774)|Russo-Turkish War]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Zhukovskyi |first=Arkadii |date=2010 |title=Chernivtsi |url=http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CC%5CH%5CChernivtsi.htm |access-date=2022-10-18 |website=Encyclopedia of Ukraine}}</ref> Chernivtsi (known at that time as {{lang|de|Czernowitz}}) became the center of the [[Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria|Galicia]]'s [[Bukovina District]] until 1848, later becoming the [[Duchy of Bukovina]] until 1918. In the aftermath of [[World War I]], [[Kingdom of Romania|Romania]] united with Bukovina in 1918, which led to the city regaining its Romanian name of {{lang|ro|Cernăuți}}; this lasted until the [[Soviet Union|Soviets]] [[Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina|occupied]] Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina. Chernivtsi was under the control of the [[Soviet Union]] from 1940 to 1941, after which Romania recovered the city, and then again from 1944 until the [[dissolution of the Soviet Union]], after which it became part of [[Declaration of Independence of Ukraine|independent Ukraine]].

Chernivtsi is viewed as one of Western Ukraine's main cultural centers. The city is also considered one of Ukraine's important educational and architectural sites. Historically a cosmopolitan community, Chernivtsi was once dubbed "Little [[Vienna]]"<ref name="day">{{Cite web |last=Zhytariuk |first=Natalia |date=2 November 2004 |title=Bukovyna Week in Austria |url=http://www.day.kiev.ua/126685/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050320182015/http://www.day.kiev.ua/126685/ |archive-date=2005-03-20 |access-date=26 September 2007 |website=[[Den (newspaper)|Den]]}}</ref><ref name="cognita">{{Cite web |date=2005-02-23 |title=Bukovina. The Beech Tree Land |url=http://www.ukrcognita.com.ua/eng/western/170/?ch=595e8574c |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728064618/http://www.ukrcognita.com.ua/eng/western/170/?ch=595e8574c |archive-date=28 July 2011 |access-date=26 September 2007 |website=Ukraine Cognita |df=dmy}}</ref> and "[[Jerusalem]] upon the [[Prut]]". The city is a major regional rail and road transportation hub, also housing an [[Chernivtsi International Airport|international airport]].