Editing Chloromethane (section)

{{Short description|Chemical compound formerly used as a refrigerant}}
{{chembox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 411542354
| ImageFile = Natta projection of chloromethane.svg
| ImageClass = skin-invert
| ImageFile_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageSize = 100
| ImageName = Stereo, skeletal formula of chloromethane with all explicit hydrogens added
| ImageFileL1 = Chloromethane-3D-balls.png
| ImageClassL1 = bg-transparent
| ImageFileL1_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageNameL1 = Ball and stick model of chloromethane
| ImageFileR1 = Chloromethane-3D-vdW.png
| ImageClassR1 = bg-transparent
| ImageFileR1_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageNameR1 = Spacefill model of chloromethane
| PIN = Chloromethane<ref>{{cite book |author=[[International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry]] |date=2014 |title=Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry: IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 |publisher=[[Royal Society of Chemistry|The Royal Society of Chemistry]] |pages=1033 |doi=10.1039/9781849733069 |isbn=978-0-85404-182-4}}</ref>
| OtherNames = {{unbulleted list|Refrigerant-40|R-40<ref name=GESTIS>{{GESTIS|ZVG=11220}}</ref> |Methyl chloride<ref name=GESTIS/>|Monochloromethane<ref name=GESTIS/>}}
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| Abbreviations =
| CASNo = 74-87-3
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| PubChem = 6327
| ChemSpiderID = 6087
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| UNII = A6R43525YO
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| EINECS = 200-817-4
| UNNumber = 1063
| KEGG = C19446
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|changed|kegg}}
| MeSHName = Methyl+Chloride
| ChEBI = 36014
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 117545
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| RTECS = PA6300000
| Beilstein = 1696839
| Gmelin = 24898
| SMILES = CCl
| StdInChI = 1S/CH3Cl/c1-2/h1H3
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
}}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| C=1 | H=3 | Cl=1
| Appearance = Colorless gas
| Odor = Faint, sweet odor<ref name=PGCH/>
| Density = 1.003 g/mL (-23.8&nbsp;°C, liquid)<ref name=GESTIS/> 2.3065 g/L (0&nbsp;°C, gas)<ref name=GESTIS/>
| MeltingPtC = -97.4
| MeltingPt_ref = <ref name=GESTIS/>
| BoilingPtC = -23.8
| BoilingPt_ref = <ref name=GESTIS/>
| Solubility = 5.325 g/L
| LogP = 1.113
| VaporPressure = 506.09 kPa (at {{convert|20|C}})
| HenryConstant = 940 nmol/(Pa⋅kg)
| MagSus = −32.0·10<sup>−6</sup> cm<sup>3</sup>/mol
}}
|Section3={{Chembox Structure
| Coordination = Tetragonal
| MolShape = Tetrahedron
| Dipole = 1.9 D
}}
|Section4={{Chembox Thermochemistry
| DeltaHf = −83.68 kJ/mol
| DeltaHc = −764.5–−763.5 kJ/mol
| Entropy = 234.36 J/(K⋅mol)
}}
|Section5={{Chembox Hazards
| GHSPictograms = {{gHS flame}} {{gHS health hazard}}
| GHSSignalWord = '''DANGER'''
| HPhrases = {{h-phrases|220|351|373}}
| PPhrases = {{p-phrases|210|281|410+403}}
| NFPA-H = 2
| NFPA-F = 4
| NFPA-R = 0
| FlashPtC = −20
| FlashPt_ref = <ref name=GESTIS/>
| AutoignitionPtC = 625
| AutoignitionPt_ref = <ref name=GESTIS/>
| ExploLimits = 8.1–17.4%<ref name=PGCH/>
| LD50 = 150–180 mg/kg (oral, rat)<ref name=GESTIS/><br/>5.3 mg/L (4&nbsp;h, inhalation, rat)<ref name=GESTIS/>
| PEL = TWA 100 ppm C 200&nbsp;ppm 300&nbsp;ppm (5-minute maximum peak in any 3 hours)<ref name=PGCH>{{PGCH|0403}}</ref>
| IDLH = Ca [2000 ppm]<ref name=PGCH/>
| REL = Ca<ref name=PGCH/>
| MainHazards =
| LC50 = 72,000 ppm (rat, 30&nbsp;min)<br />2200 ppm (mouse, 6&nbsp;h)<br />2760 ppm (mammal, 4&nbsp;h)<br />2524 ppm (rat, 4&nbsp;h)<ref name=IDLH>{{IDLH|74873|Methyl chloride}}</ref>
| LCLo = 20,000 ppm (guinea pig, 2&nbsp;h)<br />14,661 ppm (dog, 6&nbsp;h)<ref name=IDLH/>
}}
|Section6={{Chembox Related
| OtherFunction_label = alkanes
| OtherFunction = {{unbulleted list|[[Chloroiodomethane]]|[[Bromochloromethane]]|[[Dibromochloromethane]]}}
| OtherCompounds = [[2-Chloroethanol]]
}}
}}

'''Chloromethane''', also called '''methyl chloride''', '''Refrigerant-40''', '''R-40''' or '''HCC 40''', is an [[organic compound]] with the chemical formula {{chem2|CH3Cl}}. One of the [[haloalkane]]s, it is a colorless, sweet-smelling, flammable gas. Methyl chloride is a crucial [[reagent]] in industrial chemistry, although it is rarely present in consumer products,<ref name=Ross/> and was formerly utilized as a [[refrigerant]].  Most chloromethane is [[Biogenic substance|biogenic]].