Editing Christmas Uprising (section)

{{Short description|1919 rebellion in Montenegro against unification with Serbia}}
{{For|the Jamaican slave revolt|Baptist War}}
{{Infobox military conflict
| conflict          = Christmas Uprising
| image             = Borbe kod Podgorice između crnogorskih pobunjenika i srpske vojske 1918..jpg
| caption           = Cover of the Italian weekly ''{{Interlanguage link|La Tribuna Illustrata|it|La Tribuna Illustrata|fr|La Tribuna Illustrata}}'' from 1919, titled "Montenegro against Serbian domination" ({{langx|it|Il Montenegro contro la dominazione serba}})
| partof            = the [[aftermath of World War I]] and the [[creation of Yugoslavia]]
| date              = 2–7 January 1919<br>{{small|([[Old Style and New Style dates|O.S.]] 20–25 December 1918)}}<br> (with smaller confrontations lasting until 1929)
| place             = Around [[Cetinje]], [[Kingdom of Yugoslavia]]
| result            = [[Kingdom of Yugoslavia|Yugoslav]]-[[Whites (Montenegro)|Whites]] victory
*Continued Guerrilla resistance under Savo Raspopović until 1929
| combatant1        = {{flagicon image|Flag of Montenegro (1905–1918).svg}} [[Greens (Montenegro)|Montenegrin Greens]]<br>'''Supported by:'''<br>{{flag|Kingdom of Italy}}
| combatant2        = {{flagicon|Kingdom of Yugoslavia}} [[Whites (Montenegro)|Montenegrin Whites]] <br>{{flagicon|Kingdom of Yugoslavia}} [[Kingdom of Yugoslavia]]
| commander1        = {{flagicon image|Flag of Montenegro (1905–1918).svg}} [[Krsto Popović]]<br>{{flagicon image|Flag of Montenegro (1905–1918).svg}} [[Jovan Plamenac]]
| commander2        = {{flagicon|Kingdom of Yugoslavia}} [[Marko Daković]]<br> {{flagicon|Kingdom of Yugoslavia}} [[Andrija Radović]]
| strength1         = Estimates vary from 1,500<ref name="Stosezdesetsest">{{cite book|last=Pavlović|first=Srđa|title=Balkan Anschluss: The Annexation of Montenegro and the Creation of the Common South Slavic State|date=2008|page=166|publisher=Purdue University Press |isbn=9781557534651|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4LPfuwer21EC&q=christmas+uprising+montenegro&pg=PA163}}</ref> to 5,000<ref name="APA">{{cite web|url=http://portalanalitika.me/clanak/290671/bozicni-ustanak-crnogorskog-naroda-1919-godine-i|author=Novak Adžić|title=Portal Analitika: ''Božićni ustanak crnogorskog naroda 1919. godine (I)''|language=sr|date=January 6, 2018|access-date=May 15, 2018}}</ref>
| strength2         = Estimates vary from 500{{sfn|Woodhouse|Woodhouse|1920|p=111}} to 4,000{{sfn|Andrijašević|2015|p=262}}
| casualties1       = 98 killed and wounded
| casualties2       = 30 killed<ref name="Politika">{{cite web|url=http://www.politika.rs/sr/clanak/376516/Setaliste-skriva-grobnicu-branilaca-ujedinjenja-sa-Srbijom|author=Novica Đurić|title=Politika: ''Šetalište skriva grobnicu branilaca ujedinjenja sa Srbijom''|language=sr|date=March 20, 2017}}</ref>
}}

The '''Christmas Uprising''' ({{langx|sr|Божићни устанак|Božićni ustanak}}), also known as the '''Christmas Rebellion''' ({{lang|sr|Божићна побуна}}, {{transliteration|sr|Božićna pobuna}}), was a failed uprising in [[Montenegro]] led by the [[Greens (Montenegro)|Greens]] in early January 1919. The military leader of the uprising was [[Krsto Popović]] and its political leader was [[Jovan Plamenac]].

The catalyst for the uprising was a decision of the controversial [[Podgorica Assembly|Great National Assembly of the Serb People in Montenegro]], commonly known as the [[Podgorica Assembly]]. The assembly decided to directly unify the [[Kingdom of Montenegro]] with the [[Kingdom of Serbia]], which would shortly after become the [[Kingdom of Yugoslavia]]. Following a questionable candidate selection process, the [[Serbian–Montenegrin unionism|unionist]] [[Whites (Montenegro)|Whites]] outnumbered the Greens, who were in favour of preserving Montenegrin statehood.

The uprising reached a climax in [[Cetinje]] on 7 January 1919, which was the date of [[Eastern Orthodox]] [[Christmas]]. The unionists with support from the [[Serbian Army]] defeated the rebel Greens. In the aftermath of the uprising, the dethroned King [[Nicholas I of Montenegro|Nikola of Montenegro]] was forced to issue a call for peace, since many homes were destroyed. As a result of the uprising, a number of participants complicit in the uprising were tried and imprisoned. Other participants in the uprising fled to the [[Kingdom of Italy]], meanwhile some retreated to the mountains and continued [[guerrilla warfare|guerrilla resistance]] under the banner of the [[Montenegrin Army]] in exile, which lasted until 1929. The most notable guerilla militia leader was Savo Raspopović.