Editing Comics (section)

{{Short description|Creative work in which pictures and text convey information}}
{{Distinguish|Cartoon}}
{{redirect|Comic}}
{{redirect|Comic art|the magazine|Comic Art{{!}}''Comic Art''}}
{{good article}}
{{Use shortened footnotes|date=June 2022}}
[[File:Little Nemo 1906-08-19.jpg|upright=1.25|thumb|[[Little Nemo]], August 19, 1906 strip]]
{{Comics navbar}}

{{not a typo|'''Comics''' is}} a [[Media (communication)|medium]] used to express ideas with images, often combined with text or other visual information. It typically {{not a typo|takes}} the form of a sequence of [[Panel (comics)|panels]] of images. Textual devices such as [[speech balloon]]s, [[Glossary of comics terminology#Caption|captions]], and [[onomatopoeia]] can indicate dialogue, narration, sound effects, or other information. There is no consensus among theorists and historians on a definition of '''comics'''; some emphasize the combination of images and text, some sequentiality or other image relations, and others historical aspects such as mass reproduction or the use of recurring characters. [[Cartoonist|Cartooning]] and other forms of [[illustration]] are the most common means of image-making in comics. [[Photo comics]] is a form that uses photographic images. Common forms include [[comic strip]]s, [[Political cartoon|editorial]] and [[gag cartoon]]s, and [[comic book]]s. Since the late 20th century, bound volumes such as [[graphic novel]]s, and [[Bande dessinée#Formats|comic albums]], have become increasingly common, along with [[webcomic]]s as well as scientific/medical comics.<ref name="pmid37980636">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lombardo P, Nairz K, Boehm I |title=Why mild contrast medium-induced reactions are sometimes over-treated and moderate/severe reactions of internal organs are undertreated: a summary based on RadioComics |journal=Insights Imaging |volume=14 |issue=1 |pages=196 |year=2023 |pmid=37980636 |doi=10.1186/s13244-023-01554-y|doi-access=free |pmc=10657911 }}</ref>

The [[history of comics]] has followed different paths in different cultures. Scholars have posited a pre-history as far back as the [[Lascaux]] cave paintings. By the mid-20th century, comics flourished, particularly in the [[History of American comics|United States]], western Europe (especially [[Bande dessinée|France and Belgium]]), and [[Manga|Japan]]. The history of [[European comics]] is often traced to [[Rodolphe Töpffer]]'s cartoon strips of the 1830s, while [[Wilhelm Busch]] and his [[Max and Moritz]] also had a global impact from 1865 on,<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.thegermanprofessor.com/max-und-moritz/ | title=8 Things about Max und Moritz | date=30 March 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.dw.com/en/max-and-moritz-how-germanys-naughtiest-boys-rose-to-global-fame/a-18808584 | title=Max and Moritz: How Germany's naughtiest boys rose to fame – DW – 10/27/2015 | website=[[Deutsche Welle]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.outdooractive.com/en/story/harz/the-original-story-of-max-and-moritz/28754663/ | title=The original story of Max and Moritz }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.toonsmag.com/max-and-moritz/ | title=Max and Moritz: A Tale of Mischief and Influence - Toons Mag | date=8 October 2023 }}</ref> and became popular following the success in the 1930s of strips and books such as ''[[The Adventures of Tintin]]''. [[History of American comics|American comics]] emerged as a [[Mass media|mass medium]] in the early 20th century with the advent of newspaper comic strips; magazine-style [[American comic book|comic books]] followed in the 1930s, and the [[superhero]] genre became prominent after [[Superman]] appeared in 1938. [[History of manga|Histories of Japanese comics]] (''{{Transliteration|ja|[[manga]]}}'') propose origins as early as the 12th century. Japanese comics are generally held separate from the evolution of Euro-American comics, and Western comic art probably originated in 17th-century Italy.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=3bfPAgAAQBAJ Gothic in Comics and Graphic Novels by Julia Round page 24 and 25]</ref> Modern Japanese comic strips emerged in the early 20th century, and the output of comic magazines and books rapidly expanded in the post-World War&nbsp;II era (1945)– with the popularity of cartoonists such as [[Osamu Tezuka]]. {{not a typo|Comics has}} had a [[Low culture|lowbrow]] reputation for much of their history, but towards the end of the 20th century, they began to find greater acceptance with the public and academics.

The English term ''comics'' is used as a [[Noun|singular noun]] when it refers to the medium itself (e.g. "''Comics is'' a visual art form."), but becomes plural when referring to works collectively (e.g. "''Comics are'' popular reading material.").{{TOC limit|3}}

The comics may be further adapted to animations (anime), dramas, TV shows, movies.