Editing Conga (section)

{{Short description|Cuban drum}}
{{About||the music genre and ensemble|Conga (music)||Conga (disambiguation)}}
{{Redirect|Tres golpes|breakfast dish|Mangú}}
{{Infobox instrument
| name           = Conga
| names          = Tumbadora
| image          = File:Collectie Nationaal Museum van Wereldculturen TM-6335-1a Enkelvellige tonvormige buistrom, onderdeel van een set Cuba.jpg
| image_capt     = [[Latin Percussion]] conga drum exhibited at the [[Nationaal Museum van Wereldculturen|National Museum of World Cultures]] in [[Amsterdam]]
| background     = percussion
| classification = Percussion
| hornbostel_sachs = 211.221.1
| hornbostel_sachs_desc = [[Directly struck membranophones]] in which the end without a membrane is open
| developed      = Late 19th century or early 20th century in Cuba
| related        = [[Yuka (music)|Yuka]], [[Makuta (drum)|makuta]], bembé
}}

The '''conga''', also known as  '''tumbadora''', is a tall, narrow, single-headed [[drum]] from Cuba. Congas are [[stave (wood)|staved]] like [[barrel]]s and classified into three types: [[quinto (drum)|quinto]] (lead drum, highest), tres dos or tres golpes (middle), and tumba or salidor (lowest). Congas were originally used in Afro-Cuban music genres such as [[Conga (music)|conga]] (hence their name) and [[Cuban rumba|rumba]], where each drummer would play a single drum. Following numerous innovations in conga drumming and construction during the mid-20th century, as well as its internationalization, it became increasingly common for drummers to play two or three drums. Congas have become a popular instrument in many forms of [[Music of Latin America|Latin music]] such as [[son cubano|son]] (when played by [[Conjunto#Cuban conjunto|conjunto]]s), [[descarga]], [[Afro-Cuban jazz]], [[salsa music|salsa]], [[songo music|songo]], [[merengue music|merengue]] and [[Latin rock]].

Although the exact origins of the conga drum are unknown, researchers agree that it was developed by [[Afro-Cubans|Cuban people of African descent]] during the late 19th century or early 20th century.<ref name="NW">{{cite journal | last = Warden | first = Nolan | title = A History of the Conga Drum | journal = Percussive Notes | year = 2005 | volume = 43 | issue = 1 | pages = 8–15 | url = http://www.nolanwarden.com/Conga_Drum_History(Warden).pdf}}</ref> Its direct ancestors are thought to be the [[yuka (music)|yuka]] and [[makuta (drum)|makuta]] (of [[Bantu people|Bantu]] origin) and the bembé drums (of [[Yoruba people|Yoruba]] origin).<ref name="NW" /> In Cuba and Latin America, congas are primarily played as [[hand drums]]. In [[Trinidad and Tobago|Trinidadian]] [[calypso music|calypso]] and [[soca music|soca]], congas are sometimes struck with [[mallets]], while in the Congos, they are often struck with one hand and one mallet.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Kalani |title=All About Congas |date=2003 |publisher=Alfred Music Publishing |isbn=978-0-7390-3349-4 |page=17 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NFbgOAsW6AwC&pg=PA17 |language=en}}</ref>