Editing Cyril and Methodius (section)

{{Short description|9th-century Byzantine Christian theologians and missionaries}}
{{Redirect|Saints Cyril and Methodius}}
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{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}
{{Infobox saint
|honorific_prefix = [[Saint]]s
| name=Cyril and Methodius
| birth_date=826 or 827 and 815
| death_date={{death date|869|2|14|df=yes}} and {{death date|885|4|6|df=yes}} (41 or 42 and 54)
| feast_day=11 and 24 May<ref>In the 21st century this date in the [[Julian Calendar]] corresponds to 24 May in the [[Gregorian Calendar]]</ref> ([[Eastern Orthodox Church]])<br /> 14 February (present Latin Catholic calendar); 5 July (Latin Catholic calendar 1880–1886); 7 July (Latin Catholic calendar 1887–1969)<br />5 July (Latin Catholic and Lutheran [[Czech Republic]] and [[Slovakia]])
| venerated_in=[[Eastern Orthodox Church]]<br/>[[Catholic Church]]<br/>[[Anglican Communion]]<ref name="teccalendar">{{Cite web |title=Cyril and Methodius, Missionaries, 869, 885 |url=https://www.episcopalchurch.org/lectionary/cyril-and-methodius/ |access-date=2022-07-21 |website=The Episcopal Church |language=en-US}}</ref><br/>[[Lutheranism]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.resurrectionpeople.org/saints.html |title=Notable Lutheran Saints |website=Resurrectionpeople.org |access-date=16 July 2019 |archive-date=16 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190516024927/http://www.resurrectionpeople.org/saints.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| image=Sv Kiril Metodij Zahari Zograf Trojanski mon 1848.jpg
| imagesize=150px
| caption=''"Saints Cyril and Methodius holding the Cyrillic alphabet,"'' a mural by [[Bulgarians|Bulgarian]] iconographer [[Zahari Zograf|Z. Zograf]], 1848, [[Troyan Monastery]]
| birth_place= [[Thessalonica]], [[Byzantine Empire]] (present-day Greece)
| death_place= [[Rome]] and Velehrad, [[Great Moravia]]
| titles=Bishops and Confessors; Equals to the Apostles; Patrons of Europe; Apostles to the Slavs
| beatified_date=
| beatified_place=
| beatified_by=
| canonized_date=
| canonized_place=
| canonized_by=
| attributes=Brothers depicted together; Eastern bishops holding up a church; Eastern bishops holding an [[icon]] of the [[Last Judgment]].<ref name="patron">{{cite web | last = Jones | first = Terry | title = Methodius | work = Patron Saints Index | url = http://www.catholic-forum.com/saints/saintm10.htm | access-date = 18 February 2007 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070219170931/http://www.catholic-forum.com/saints/saintm10.htm | archive-date = 19 February 2007}}</ref> Often, Cyril is depicted wearing a [[monastic habit]] and Methodius vested as a bishop with [[omophorion]].
| patronage=[[Bulgaria]], [[North Macedonia]], [[Czech Republic]], [[Slovakia]], [[Transnistria]], [[Serbia]], [[Archdiocese of Ljubljana]], Europe,<ref name="patron"/> [[Eparchy of Saints Cyril and Methodius of Toronto|Slovak Eparchy of Toronto]], [[Slovak Catholic Eparchy of Košice|Eparchy of Košice]]<ref name="grkatke-hist">[http://www.grkatke.sk/page1.php?strankaid=epahist History of the Eparchy of Košice] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222143015/http://www.grkatke.sk/page1.php?strankaid=epahist |date=22 December 2015 }} (Slovak)</ref>
| major_shrine=
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}}
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'''Cyril''' ({{langx|el|Κύριλλος|Kýrillos}}; born Constantine, 826–869) and '''Methodius''' ({{langx|el|Μεθόδιος|Methódios|label=none}}; born Michael, 815–885) were brothers, [[Population of the Byzantine Empire|Byzantine]] [[Christian theologian]]s and [[Christian missionaries|missionaries]]. For their work evangelizing the [[Slavs]], they are known as the "Apostles to the Slavs".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237540225|title=Figures of (trans-) national religious memory of the Orthodox southern Slavs before 1945: an outline on the examples of SS. Cyril and Methodius|website=ResearchGate|language=en|access-date=2018-11-15}}</ref>

They are credited with devising the [[Glagolitic alphabet]], the first alphabet used to transcribe [[Old Church Slavonic]].<ref>Liturgy of the Hours, Volume III, 14 February.</ref> After their deaths, their pupils continued their missionary work among other Slavs. Both brothers are venerated in the [[Eastern Orthodox Church]] as [[saint]]s with the title of "[[equal-to-apostles]]". In 1880, [[Pope Leo XIII]] introduced their feast into the calendar of the [[Roman Rite]] of the [[Catholic Church]]. In 1980, the first Slav pope, [[Pope John Paul II]] declared them co-[[patron saint]]s of Europe, together with [[Benedict of Nursia]].<ref name="Egregiae Virtutis">{{cite web | title =Egregiae Virtutis | url =https://www.vatican.va/holy_father/john_paul_ii/apost_letters/documents/hf_jp-ii_apl_31121980_egregiae-virtutis_lt.html | access-date =26 April 2009 | url-status =live | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20090104182217/https://www.vatican.va/holy_father/john_paul_ii/apost_letters/documents/hf_jp-ii_apl_31121980_egregiae-virtutis_lt.html | archive-date =4 January 2009}} [[Ecclesiastical letter#Letters of the popes in modern times|Apostolic letter]] of [[Pope John Paul II]], 31 December 1980 {{in lang|la}}</ref>