Editing Daf (section)

{{Short description|Frame drum originating in Central Asia and the Middle East}}
{{Other uses|DAF (disambiguation)}}
{{Redirect|Riq|other uses|RIQ (disambiguation){{!}}RIQ}}
{{More citations needed|date=December 2012}}
{{Infobox Instrument
| name           = Daf
| names          = ''Dafli'', ''dap'', ''def'', ''tef'', ''defi'', ''gaval'', ''duf'', ''duff'', ''dof''
| image          = Pair of dafs.jpg
| background     = Percussion
| classification = [[Directly struck membranophones]]
| range          = High sound of jingles, plus some have a skin with a lower sound
| hornbostel_sachs = 211.311
| hornbostel_sachs_desc = Handle-less [[frame drum]] with one usable membrane
| related        = Buben, [[tambourine]], [[kanjira]], [[frame drum]], [[parai]]
}}

'''Daf''' ({{langx|fa|دف}}), also known as '''dâyere''' and '''riq''', is an [[Persians|Iranian]] [[frame drum]] musical instrument, also used in popular and classical music in Persian-influenced [[Southeast Asia|South]] and [[Central Asia]], such as in [[Afghanistan]], [[Azerbaijan]], [[Tajikistan]], [[Iran]], [[Uzbekistan]], many regions of [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]], [[Armenia]], [[Pakistan]] as well as in parts of [[India]]<ref name="InEx">{{cite web |last=Sahani |first=Alaka |date=11 February 2020 |title=Who is afraid of the dafli? |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/dafli-indian-folk-popular-culture-caa-protest-citizenship-amendment-act-6261295 |publisher=Indian Express |accessdate=20 November 2021}}</ref> and [[Russia|Russian]] [[Polar regions of Earth|polar regions]]. It is also popular among [[Balkan people|Balkans]], [[Ethnic groups in the Caucasus|Caucasians]], [[Bukharan Jews]], [[Kurds]], and [[Macedonians (ethnic group)|Macedonians]].<ref>{{cite book|author1=Tony Langlois|title=Non-Western Popular Music|date=2017|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1351556156|page=91}}</ref>

Daf is the [[National symbols of Pakistan|national musical instrument]] of [[Pakistan]]<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ahmed |first=Shaheen |date=August 31, 2021 |title=THE MAGICAL INSTRUMENT |work=The Victor Magazine |url=https://www.victormagazine.net/the-magical-instrument/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Mirza |first=Afshan |year=2021 |title=National Musical Instrument of Pakistan and Provincial instruments |url=https://popularinpakistan.com/national-musical-instrument-of-pakistan/#more-92 |website=Popular in Pakistan}}</ref> and is also depicted on the [[Obverse and reverse|reverse]] and [[Obverse and reverse|obverse]] of the Azerbaijani 1 [[Azerbaijani manat|qəpik]] coin and 1 [[Azerbaijani manat|manat]] banknote respectively, since 2006.<ref>[http://www.cbar.az Central Bank of Azerbaijan]. National currency: [http://www.cbar.az/pages/national-currency/coins/new-generation-coins/ New generation coins]. – Retrieved on 25 February 2010.</ref><ref>[http://www.nba.az/default.aspx National Bank of Azerbaijan] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070516034336/http://nba.az/default.aspx |date=2007-05-16 }}. National currency: [http://www.nba.az/default.aspx?go=178&lng=en 1 manat]{{dead link|date=October 2017|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}. – Retrieved on 25 March 2009. (Old site -now a dead link- that mentioned the instrument as a ''daf'').<br />[http://www.cbar.az Central Bank of Azerbaijan]. National currency: [http://www.cbar.az/pages/national-currency/banknotes/azn/ 1 manat]. – Retrieved on 25 February 2010. (Current site that mentions the instrument as a ''drum'').</ref>

It traditionally has a round wooden frame (although in the modern era it may also be made of metal), jingles, and a thin, translucent head made of fish- or goat-skin (or, more recently, a synthetic material). 

The sound is produced by hitting the membrane with either hand – the left hand, which also holds the daf, strikes the edges, and the right hand strikes the center. The right-hand fingers are fastened about their neighbours and suddenly released, like the action of finger-snapping, to produce loud, rapid, sharp sounds.<ref name="Birseyogren">{{Cite web |title=''Dayereh'' |url=http://www.birseyogren.com/hakkinda/dayereh/ |access-date=20 April 2021 |website=Birseyogren.com}}</ref>