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Dredging
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{{short description|Excavation of sediment, usually under water}} {{hatnote group| {{Redirect|Dredge}} {{Redirect-distinguish|Dredgers|Dreggers}} {{Redirect|Dragger|the fishing boat|Fishing trawler}} }} {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}} {{EngvarB|date=July 2018}} [[File:Dredge (PSF).png|thumb|A grab dredge]] '''Dredging''' is the [[Digging|excavation]] of material from a water environment. Possible reasons for dredging include improving existing [[Water feature|water features]]; reshaping land and water features to alter [[drainage]], [[navigability]], and commercial use; constructing [[dam]]s, [[Levee|dike]]s, and other controls for streams and shorelines; and recovering valuable mineral deposits or marine life having commercial value. In all but a few situations the excavation is undertaken by a specialist floating [[heavy machinery|plant]], known as a dredger. Usually the main objectives of dredging is to recover material of value, or to create a greater depth of water.<ref name="About">{{cite web |title=EuDA - About dredging - Dredging |url=https://www.european-dredging.eu/Dredging |website=www.european-dredging.eu |access-date=3 July 2018 |language=en}}</ref> Dredging systems can either be shore-based, brought to a location based on [[Barge|barges]], or built into purpose-built vessels. Dredging can have environmental impacts: it can disturb [[Marine sediment|marine sediments]], creating [[Dredge plume|dredge plumes]] which can lead to both short- and long-term [[water pollution]], damage or destroy [[Marine ecosystem|seabed ecosystems]], and release [[Legacy pollution|legacy human-sourced toxins]] captured in the sediment. These environmental impacts can reduce marine wildlife populations, contaminate sources of drinking water, and interrupt economic activities such as fishing.
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