Editing Dutch Defence (section)

{{About|a chess opening|the defense of the Netherlands in WWII|Netherlands in World War II}}
{{Infobox chess opening
|openingname = Dutch Defence
|image = {{Chess diagram
|
|
|rd|nd|bd|qd|kd|bd|nd|rd
|pd|pd|pd|pd|pd|  |pd|pd
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  
|  |  |  |  |  |pd|  |  
|  |  |  |pl|  |  |  |  
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  
|pl|pl|pl|  |pl|pl|pl|pl
|rl|nl|bl|ql|kl|bl|nl|rl
|
}}
|moves = 1.d4 f5
|ECO = A80–A99
|birth =
|nameorigin = [[Elias Stein (chess player)|Elias Stein]], ''Nouvel essai sur le jeu des échecs, avec des réflexions militaires relatives à ce jeu'', 1789
|parentopening = [[Queen's Pawn Game]]
|AKA = 
|chessgid = 10704&move=2&moves=d4.f5&nodes=10703.10704
}}

The '''Dutch Defence''' is a [[chess opening]] characterised by the moves:
: 1. [[b:Chess Opening Theory/1. d4|d4]] [[b:Chess Opening Theory/1. d4/1...f5|f5]]

Black's 1...f5 stakes a claim to the e4-square and envisions an attack in the [[chess middlegame|middlegame]] on White's {{chessgloss|kingside}}; however, it also weakens Black's kingside to some extent, especially on the e8–h5 diagonal.<ref>See [[Fool's mate#Teed vs. Delmar|this trap]] for a dramatic example.</ref> Like its 1.e4 counterpart, the [[Sicilian Defence]], the Dutch is an aggressive and unbalancing opening, resulting in the lowest percentage of draws among the most common replies to 1.d4.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chessgames.com/perl/explorer?node=10703&move=1.5&moves=d4&nodes=10703|title=Chess Opening Explorer|access-date=17 July 2017}}</ref> Historically, White has tried many methods to exploit the kingside weaknesses, such as the [[Staunton Gambit]] (2.e4) and Korchnoi Attack (2.h3 and 3.g4).

The Dutch has never been a main line against 1.d4 and is rarely seen today in high-level competition, although a number of top players, including [[Alexander Alekhine]], [[Bent Larsen]], [[Paul Morphy]], [[Miguel Najdorf]], [[Simon Williams (chess player)|Simon Williams]], and [[Hikaru Nakamura]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.chessgames.com/perl/chess.pl?page=2&pid=10084&playercomp=black&eco=A81+A84-A99&title=Hikaru+Nakamura+playing+the+Dutch+Defense+as+Black|title=Hikaru Nakamura playing the Dutch Defense as Black|website=www.chessgames.com}}</ref> have used it with success. Its most notable use may have been in 1951, when both [[world chess champion|World Champion]] [[Mikhail Botvinnik]] and his challenger, [[David Bronstein]], played it in their [[World Chess Championship 1951|1951 World Championship match]].
{{AN chess|pos=toc}}