Editing Electronic stability control (section)

{{short description|Computerized safety automotive technology}}
{{Update|date=April 2019|reason=In light of advancements in the technology, more information should be added|type=article}}
[[File:Kontrollleuchte ESP 2 black.svg|thumb|ESC control light]]

'''Electronic stability control''' ('''ESC'''), also referred to as '''electronic stability program''' ('''ESP''') or '''dynamic stability control''' ('''DSC'''), is a computerized technology<ref>[A. T. van Zanten, "Bosch ESP Systems: 5 years of Experience", SAE 2000-01-1633]</ref><ref>[E. K. Liebemann, K. Meder, J. Schuh and G. Nenninger, "Safety and Performance Enhancement: the Bosch Electronic Stability Control (ESP)." SAE 2004-21-0060.]</ref> that improves a [[car handling|vehicle's stability]] by detecting and reducing loss of [[Traction (engineering)|traction]] ([[skid (automobile)|skidding]]).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-13609388 |title=BBC video on how anti-skid stability control systems work at 50mph |publisher=Bbc.co.uk |date=2011-06-01 |access-date=2011-11-13}}</ref> When ESC detects loss of steering control, it automatically applies the brakes to help steer the vehicle where the driver intends to go. Braking is automatically applied to wheels individually, such as the outer front wheel to counter [[oversteer]], or the inner rear wheel to counter [[understeer]]. Some ESC systems also reduce engine power until control is regained. ESC does not improve a vehicle's cornering performance; instead, it helps reduce the chance of the driver losing control of the vehicle on a slippery road.

According to the U.S. [[National Highway Traffic Safety Administration]] and the [[Insurance Institute for Highway Safety]] in 2004 and 2006, one-third of fatal accidents could be prevented by the use of this technology.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.iihs.org/news/rss/pr061306.html |title="Electronic stability control could prevent nearly one-third of all fatal crashes and reduce rollover risk by as much as 80%; effect is found on single- and multiple-vehicle crashes," IIHS News release, 2006 |publisher=Iihs.org |date=2006-06-13 |access-date=2011-11-13 |archive-date=2013-05-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130525140543/http://www.iihs.org/news/rss/pr061306.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/cars/rules/regrev/evaluate/809790.html |title=Jennifer N. Dang, "PRELIMINARY RESULTS ANALYZING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ELECTRONIC STABILITY CONTROL(ESC) SYSTEMS," DOT HS 809 790, 2004 |publisher=Nhtsa.dot.gov |access-date=2011-11-13 |archive-date=2009-05-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090511132005/http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/cars/rules/regrev/evaluate/809790.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>  In Europe the electronic stability program had saved an estimated 15,000 lives {{as of|2020|lc=yes}}. ESC became mandatory in new cars in Canada, the US, and the European Union in 2011, 2012, and 2014, respectively. Worldwide, 82 percent of all new passenger cars feature the anti-skid system.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bosch-presse.de/pressportal/de/en/25-years-of-bosch-esp-no-more-skidding-212032.html |title="25 years of Bosch ESP®: no more skidding," Bosch News release, 2020 |publisher=bosch-presse.de |date=2020-05-19}}</ref>