Editing Ellsworth Huntington (section)

{{Short description|American geographer (1876–1947)}}
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{{Infobox scientist
| name              = Ellsworth Huntington
| image             = Ellsworth Huntington.jpg
| birth_date        = {{birth date|1876|9|16}}
| birth_place       = 
| death_date        = {{death date and age|1947|10|17|1876|9|16}}
| death_place       = 
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| citizenship       = 
| nationality       = [[United States|American]]
| doctoral_advisor  = 
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| field             = [[Geography]]<br/>[[Climatology]] 
Human Ecology
| work_institutions = [[Yale University]]
| alma_mater        = [[Beloit College]]<ref name=ei>{{Cite web | url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/huntington-ellsworth |title = Huntington, Ellsworth |website=Encyclopaedia Iranica}}</ref><br/>[[Harvard University]]<br />[[Yale University]]<ref name=ei/>
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}}{{Eugenics sidebar}}
'''Ellsworth Huntington''' (September 16, 1876 – October 17, 1947) was a professor of [[geography]] at [[Yale University]] during the early 20th century, known for his studies on [[environmental determinism]]/climatic determinism, [[economic growth]], and [[economic geography]]. He served as president of the [[Ecological Society of America]] in 1917, the [[Association of American Geographers]] in 1923 and president of the board of directors of the [[American Eugenics Society]] from 1934 to 1938.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Martin |first=Geoffrey |date=1971 |title=The Ellsworth Huntington Papers |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40859481 |journal=The Yale University Library Gazette |volume=45 |issue=4 |pages=185–195 |issn=0044-0175}}</ref>

He taught at [[Euphrates College]], [[Turkey]] (1897&ndash;1901); accompanied the [[Raphael Pumpelly|Pumpelly]] (1903) and Barrett (1905&ndash;1906) expeditions to [[central Asia]]; and wrote of his Asian experiences in ''Explorations in Turkestan'' (1905) and ''The Pulse of Asia'' (1907). He taught geography at Yale (1907&ndash;1915) and from 1917 was a research associate there, devoting his time chiefly to [[climatology|climatic]] and [[anthropogeography|anthropogeographic]] studies. He was the 1916 recipient of the Elisha Kent Kane Gold Medal from the [[Geographical Society of Philadelphia]].

In 1909, Huntington led the Yale Expedition to [[Palestine (region)|Palestine]]. It was his mission to determine "step by step the process by which geologic structure, topographic form, and the present and past nature of the climate have shaped man's progress, moulded his history; and thus played an incalculable part in the development of a system of thought which could scarcely have arisen under any other physical circumstances."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.library.yale.edu/judaica/exhibits/webarch/front/Huntingtoncollection.html |title=The Huntington Collection |accessdate=2009-03-14 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080511234941/http://www.library.yale.edu/judaica/exhibits/webarch/front/Huntingtoncollection.html |archivedate=2008-05-11 }}</ref>

During the [[Progressive Era]], Huntington expressed concern about immigration and the race mixing. He claimed that liberal immigration policy would lead to the "highest racial values" being "irrevocably swamped by those of lower calibre."<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lavery |first=Colm |date=October 2022 |title=The Power of Racial Mapping: Ellsworth Huntington, Immigration, and Eugenics in the Progressive Era |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-the-gilded-age-and-progressive-era/article/power-of-racial-mapping-ellsworth-huntington-immigration-and-eugenics-in-the-progressive-era/D6122BD467E4095444B5CB46F6D93434 |journal=The Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era |language=en |volume=21 |issue=4 |pages=262–278 |doi=10.1017/S1537781422000299 |issn=1537-7814|doi-access=free }}</ref>

He was on the original standing committee of the [[Foundation for the Study of Cycles]] from 1941.