Editing Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (section)

{{Short description|Use of endoscopy and fluoroscopy to treat and diagnose digestive issues}}
{{Redirect|ERCP|embedded Rich Client Platform|IBM Lotus Expeditor}}
{{Infobox interventions
|  Name        = Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
|  Image       = Pigment stone extraction.png
|  Caption     = Duodenoscopic image of two [[gallstone|black pigment stones]] extracted from [[common bile duct]] after [[Biliary endoscopic sphincterotomy|sphincterotomy]]
|  ICD10       =
|  ICD9        = {{ICD9proc|51.10}}
|  MeshID      = D002760
|  OPS301      = {{OPS301|1-642}}
|  specialty   = [[Gastroenterology]]
}}

'''Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography''' ('''ERCP''') is a technique that combines the use of [[endoscopy]] and [[fluoroscopy]] to diagnose and treat certain problems of the [[bile duct|biliary]] or [[pancreatic duct]]al systems. It is primarily performed by highly skilled and specialty trained gastroenterologists. Through the endoscope, the physician can see the inside of the [[stomach]] and [[duodenum]], and inject a [[contrast medium]] into the ducts in the biliary tree and/or [[pancreas]] so they can be seen on [[radiography|radiographs]].

ERCP is used primarily to diagnose and treat conditions of the bile ducts and main pancreatic duct,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Adler |first1=Douglas G. |last2=Baron |first2=Todd H. |last3=Davila |first3=Raquel E. |last4=Egan |first4=James |last5=Hirota |first5=William K. |last6=Leighton |first6=Jonathan A. |last7=Qureshi |first7=Waqar |last8=Rajan |first8=Elizabeth |last9=Zuckerman |first9=Marc J. |last10=Fanelli |first10=Robert |last11=Wheeler-Harbaugh |first11=Jo |last12=Faigel |first12=Douglas O. |last13=Standards of Practice Committee of American Society for Gastrointestinal |first13=Endoscopy. |title=ASGE guideline: The role of ERCP in diseases of the biliary tract and the pancreas |journal=Gastrointestinal Endoscopy |date=July 2005 |volume=62 |issue=1 |pages=1–8 |doi=10.1016/j.gie.2005.04.015 |pmid=15990812 }}</ref> including [[gallstone]]s, inflammatory strictures (scars), leaks (from trauma and surgery), and cancer.
ERCP can be performed for diagnostic and therapeutic reasons, although the development of safer and relatively non-invasive investigations such as [[magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography]] (MRCP) and [[endoscopic ultrasound]] has meant that ERCP is now rarely performed without therapeutic intent.<ref>{{cite journal | pmc=4530326 | year=2015 | last1=Tharian | first1=B. | last2=George | first2=N. E. | last3=Tham | first3=T. C. | title=What is the current role of endoscopy in primary sclerosing cholangitis? | journal=World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy | volume=7 | issue=10 | pages=920–927 | doi=10.4253/wjge.v7.i10.920 | pmid=26265986 | doi-access=free }}</ref>