Editing Epididymitis (section)

{{Short description|Inflammation of the epididymis, part of the testicle}}
{{Infobox medical condition (new)
| name            = Epididymitis
| synonyms        = Inflammation of the epididymis<ref name=AFP2016/>
| image           = Acute epididymitis, low mag.jpg
| caption         = Acute epididymitis with abundant fibrinopurulent exudate in the tubules.
| field           = [[Urology]], [[Infectious disease (medical specialty)|infectious disease]]
| pronounce       = {{IPAc-en|audio=Epidimitis.ogg|ˌ|ɛ|p|ɪ|ˌ|d|ɪ|d|ɪ|ˈ|m|aɪ|t|ɪ|s}} {{Respell|EP|ih|DID|im|EYE|tis}}
| symptoms        = Pain in the back of the [[testicle]], swelling of the testicle, [[dysuria|burning with urination]], frequent urination<ref name=AFP2016/>
| complications   = [[Infertility]], [[chronic pain]]<ref name=AFP2016/>
| onset           = Over a day or two<ref name=AFP2016/>
| duration        =
| types           = Acute (< 6 weeks), chronic (>12 weeks)<ref name=AFP2016/>
| causes          = [[Gonorrhea]], [[chlamydia]], [[enteric bacteria]], reflux of urine<ref name=AFP2016/>
| risks           =
| diagnosis       = Based on symptoms, [[ultrasound]]<ref name=AFP2016/>
| differential    = [[Testicular torsion]], [[inguinal hernia]], [[testicular cancer]], [[orchitis]]<ref name=AFP2016/><ref name=AFP2009/>
| prevention      =
| treatment       = [[Pain medications]], [[antibiotics]], elevation<ref name=AFP2016/>
| medication      = [[NSAIDs]], [[ceftriaxone]] and [[doxycycline]], [[ofloxacin]]<ref name=AFP2016/>
| prognosis       =
| frequency       = 600,000 per year (age 15-35, US)<ref name=AFP2009/>
| deaths          =
}}

'''Epididymitis''' is a medical condition characterized by [[inflammation]] of the [[epididymis]], a curved structure at the back of the [[testicle]].<ref name=AFP2016>{{cite journal|last1=McConaghy|first1=JR|last2=Panchal|first2=B|title=Epididymitis: An Overview.|journal=American Family Physician|date=1 November 2016|volume=94|issue=9|pages=723–726|pmid=27929243}}</ref> Onset of pain is typically over a day or two.<ref name=AFP2016/> The pain may improve with raising the testicle.<ref name=AFP2016/> Other symptoms may include swelling of the testicle, [[dysuria|burning with urination]], or frequent urination.<ref name=AFP2016/> [[Orchitis|Inflammation of the testicle]] is commonly also present.<ref name=AFP2016/>

In those who are young and sexually active, [[gonorrhea]] and [[chlamydia]] are frequently the underlying cause.<ref name=AFP2016/> In older males and men who practice insertive [[anal sex]], [[enteric bacteria]] are a common cause.<ref name=AFP2016/> Diagnosis is typically based on symptoms.<ref name=AFP2016/> Conditions that may result in similar symptoms include [[testicular torsion]], [[inguinal hernia]], and [[testicular cancer]].<ref name=AFP2016/> [[Doppler ultrasound|Ultrasound]] can be useful if the diagnosis is unclear.<ref name=AFP2016/>

Treatment may include [[pain medications]], [[NSAIDs]], and elevation.<ref name=AFP2016/> Recommended [[antibiotics]] in those who are young and sexually active are [[ceftriaxone]] and [[doxycycline]].<ref name=AFP2016/> Among those who are older, [[ofloxacin]] may be used.<ref name=AFP2016/> Complications include [[infertility]] and [[chronic pain]].<ref name=AFP2016/> People aged 15 to 35 are most commonly affected, with about 600,000 people within this age group affected per year in the United States.<ref name=AFP2009>{{cite journal|last1=Trojian|first1=TH|last2=Lishnak|first2=TS|last3=Heiman|first3=D|title=Epididymitis and orchitis: an overview.|journal=American Family Physician|date=1 April 2009|volume=79|issue=7|pages=583–7|pmid=19378875}}</ref>