Editing Ernest Hemingway (section)

{{Short description|American author and journalist (1899–1961)}}
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{{Infobox writer
| image            = ErnestHemingway.jpg
| caption          = Hemingway in 1939
| alt              = Dark-haired man in light colored short-sleeved shirt working on a typewriter at a table on which sits an open book
| birth_date       = {{birth date|1899|7|21}}
| birth_place      = [[Oak Park, Illinois]], U.S.
| death_date       = {{death date and age|1961|7|2|1899|7|21}}
| death_place      = [[Ketchum, Idaho]], U.S.
| spouses          = {{ubl|[[Hadley Richardson]]|[[Pauline Pfeiffer]]|[[Martha Gellhorn]]|[[Mary Welsh Hemingway|Mary Welsh]]}}
| children         = {{flatlist|
* [[Jack Hemingway|Jack]]
* [[Patrick Hemingway|Patrick]]
* [[Gloria Hemingway|Gloria]]
}}
| awards           = {{ubl|[[Pulitzer Prize for Fiction]] (1953)|[[Nobel Prize in Literature]] (1954)}}
| signature        = Ernest Hemingway Signature.svg
}}

'''Ernest Miller Hemingway''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|h|ɛ|m|ɪ|ŋ|w|eɪ}} {{respell|HEM|ing|way}}; July 21, 1899&nbsp;– July 2, 1961) was an American novelist, [[short-story writer]] and journalist. Known for an economical, understated style that influenced later 20th-century writers, he has been romanticized for his adventurous lifestyle and outspoken, blunt public image. Some of his seven novels, six short-story collections and two non-fiction works have become classics of [[American literature]], and he was awarded the [[1954 Nobel Prize in Literature]].

Hemingway was raised in [[Oak Park, Illinois]], a suburb of [[Chicago]]. After high school, he spent six months as a reporter for ''[[The Kansas City Star]]'' before enlisting in the [[American Red Cross|Red Cross]]. He served as an ambulance driver on the [[Italian Front (World War I)|Italian Front]] in [[World War I]] and was seriously wounded by shrapnel in 1918. In 1921, Hemingway moved to Paris, where he worked as a [[foreign correspondent]] for the ''[[Toronto Star]]'' and was influenced by the [[modernist]] writers and artists of the "[[Lost Generation]]" expatriate community. His debut novel, ''[[The Sun Also Rises]]'', was published in 1926. In 1928, Hemingway returned to the U.S., where he settled in [[Key West|Key West, Florida]]. His experiences during the war supplied material for his 1929 novel ''[[A Farewell to Arms]]''.

In 1937, Hemingway went to Spain to cover the [[Spanish Civil War]], which formed the basis for his 1940 novel ''[[For Whom the Bell Tolls]]'', written in [[Havana|Havana, Cuba]]. During [[World War II]], Hemingway was present with Allied troops as a journalist at the [[Normandy landings]] and the [[liberation of Paris]]. In 1952, his novel ''[[The Old Man and the Sea]]'' was published to considerable acclaim, and won the [[Pulitzer Prize for Fiction]]. On a 1954 trip to Africa, Hemingway was seriously injured in two successive plane crashes, leaving him in pain and ill health for much of the rest of his life. He committed suicide at his [[Ernest and Mary Hemingway House|house in Ketchum, Idaho]], in 1961.