Editing Erwin Chargaff (section)

{{Short description|American biochemist (1905–2002)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2020}}
{{Infobox scientist
| name              = Erwin Chargaff
| image             = Erwin Chargaff.jpg
| birth_date        = {{Birth date|1905|08|11|df=y}}
| birth_place       = [[Czernowitz]], [[Duchy of Bukovina]], [[Austria-Hungary]]
| death_date        = {{Death date and age|2002|06|20|1905|08|11|df=y}}
| death_place       = [[Manhattan]], [[New York City]], United States
| nationality       = American (since 1940)
| fields            = Biochemistry
| workplaces        = [[Yale University]] (1925–1930), [[University of Berlin]] (1930–1933), [[Pasteur Institute]] (1933–1934), [[Columbia University]] (1935–1974), [[Roosevelt Hospital]] (1974–1992)
| doctoral_advisor  = [[Fritz Feigl]]
| doctoral_students = [[Seymour S. Cohen]], [[Boris Magasanik]]
| notable_students  = 
| known_for         = [[Chargaff's rules]]
| awards            = Pasteur Medal (1949), [[National Medal of Science]] (1974)
| signature         = Erwin Chargaff signature.svg
| signature_alt     = Erwin Chargaff signature.png
| spouse            = {{Marriage|Vera Broido|1928|1995|end=died}}
| children          = Thomas Chargaff
| education         = [[Gymnasium Wasagasse|Maximiliansgymnasium]], [[TU Wien|Vienna College of Technology]] (1924–1928)
}}

'''Erwin Chargaff''' (11 August 1905 – 20 June 2002) was an Austro-Hungarian-born American [[biochemist]], writer, and professor of biochemistry at [[Columbia University]] medical school.<ref name=gobit>{{cite news |title=Erwin Chargaff: Disillusioned biochemist who pioneered our understanding of DNA |work=The Guardian|date=2 July 2002 |first=Pearce |last=Wright |url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2002/jul/02/guardianobituaries.obituaries |access-date=22 November 2011}}</ref> A Bucovinian Jew who immigrated to the United States during the [[Nazi Germany|Nazi]] regime, he penned a well-reviewed<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors= Hecht F|date=1979 |title= Hecht F. Heraclitean fire. Sketches from a life before nature |journal= American Journal of Human Genetics |volume=31| issue = 6 |pages=759}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors= Edsall JT|date=1979 |title= Heraclitean fire. Sketches from a life before nature |journal= Isis |volume=70| issue = 2 |pages=276–277|doi=10.1086/352204 }}</ref> autobiography, ''Heraclitean Fire: Sketches from a Life Before Nature''.<ref>{{Cite book |first=Erwin |last=Chargaff |title=Heraclitean Fire: Sketches from a Life Before Nature |year=1978 |publisher=Rockefeller University Press |isbn=0-874-70029-9 |page=252}}</ref> Through careful experimentation, Chargaff discovered two rules, called [[Chargaff's rules]], which helped lead to the discovery of the [[double helix]] structure of [[DNA]].