Editing Euratom (section)

{{Short description|International organisation}}
{{EngvarB|date=May 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2023}}
{{Infobox Geopolitical organisation
|name = {{collapsible list
  |titlestyle = background:transparent; text-align:center; font-size:9pt;
  |framestyle = width: 263px; border: none; font-size: 90%;
  |title = {{resize|11.5pt|European Atomic Energy Community}}
  |liststyle = font-weight:normal;
  | {{small|{{native name|bg|Европейска общност за атомна енергия}}}}
  | {{small|{{native name|hr|Europska zajednica za atomsku energiju}}}}
  | {{small|{{native name|cs|Evropské společenství pro atomovou energii}}}}
  | {{small|{{native name|da|Europæiske Atomenergifællesskab}}}}
  | {{small|{{native name|nl|Europese Atoomenergie Gemeenschap}}}}
  | {{small|{{native name|et|Euroopa Aatomienergiaühendus}}}}
  | {{small|{{native name|fi|Euroopan atomienergiayhteisö}}}}
  | {{small|{{native name|fr|Communauté européenne de l'énergie atomique}}}}
  | {{small|{{native name|de|Europäische Atomgemeinschaft}}}}
  | {{small|{{native name|el|Ευρωπαϊκή Κοινότητα Ατομικής Ενέργειας}}}}
  | {{small|{{native name|hu|Európai Atomenergia Közösség}}}}
  | {{small|{{native name|ga|Comhphobal Eorpach um Fhuinneamh Adamhach}}}}
  | {{small|{{native name|it|Comunità europea dell'energia atomica}}}}
  | {{small|{{native name|lv|Eiropas Atomenerģijas kopiena}}}}
  | {{small|{{native name|lt|Europos atominės energetikos bendrija}}}}
  | {{small|{{native name|mt|Komunità Ewropea tal-Enerġija Atomika}}}}
  | {{small|{{native name|pl|Europejska Wspólnota Energii Atomowej}}}}
  | {{small|{{native name|pt|Comunidade Europeia da Energia Atómica}}}}
  | {{small|{{native name|ro|Comunitatea Europeană a Energiei Atomice}}}}
  | {{small|{{native name|sk|Európske spoločenstvo pre atómovú energiu}}}}
  | {{small|{{native name|sl|Evropska skupnost za jedrsko energijo}}}}
  | {{small|{{native name|es|Comunidad Europea de la Energía Atómica}}}}
  | {{small|{{native name|sv|Europeiska atomenergigemenskapen}}}}
 }}
|image_map = Euratom.svg
|alt_map = Map indicating the members of the European Atomic Energy Community
|map_caption = <div style="text-align:left">
:::{{legend|#217d39|Member states}}
:::{{legend|#49C946|Participating associated states}}</div>
|admin_center = [[European Commission]]
|admin_center_type = Administrative body
|membership_type = Members
|membership = [[Member state of the European Union|EU member states]]<br />'''Associated states:'''<br />[[Switzerland]]<br />[[United Kingdom]]
|org_type = [[International organisation]]
|languages_type = [[Official language]]s
|languages = [[Languages of the European Union|24 languages]]
|established = 1958
|established_event1 = [[Euratom Treaty]]
|established_date1 = 1 January 1958
|established_event2 = [[Merger Treaty]]
|established_date2 = 1 July 1967
|footnotes = 
|demonym=|area_km2=|area_rank=|GDP_PPP=|GDP_PPP_year=|HDI=|HDI_year=|today=}}

The '''European Atomic Energy Community''' ('''EAEC''' or '''Euratom''') is an [[international organization|international organisation]] established by the [[Euratom Treaty]] on 25 March 1957 with the original purpose of creating a specialist market for [[nuclear power]] in Europe, by developing nuclear energy and distributing it to its member states while selling the surplus to non-member states. However, over the years its scope has been considerably increased to cover a large variety of areas associated with [[nuclear power]] and [[ionising radiation]] as diverse as safeguarding of [[nuclear materials]], [[radiation protection]] and construction of the International Fusion Reactor [[ITER]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://fusionforenergy.europa.eu/|title=Fusion For Energy - Bringing the power of the sun to earth|first=Fusion For|last=Energy|website=fusionforenergy.europa.eu}}</ref>

It is legally distinct from the [[European Union]] (EU) although it has the same [[Member state of the European Union|membership]], and is governed by many of the [[Institutions of the European Union|EU's institutions]]; but it is the only remaining community organisation that is independent of the EU and therefore outside the regulatory control of the European Parliament. Since 2014, [[Switzerland]] has also participated in Euratom programmes as an associated state.<ref name=":0">{{CELEX|32014D0954|text=2014/954/Euratom: Council Decision of 4 December 2014 approving the conclusion by the European Commission, on behalf of the European Atomic Energy Community, of the Agreement for scientific and technological cooperation between the European Union and European Atomic Energy Community and the Swiss Confederation associating the Swiss Confederation to Horizon 2020 — the Framework Programme for Research and Innovation and the Research and Training Programme of the European Atomic Energy Community complementing Horizon 2020, and regulating the Swiss Confederation's participation in the ITER activities carried out by Fusion for Energy}}</ref>

The United Kingdom [[Brexit|ceased to be]] a full member of the organisation on 31 January 2020.<ref>[http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2017/9/pdfs/ukpgaen_20170009_en.pdf European Union (Notification of Withdrawal) Act 2017 (c. 9) EXPLANATORY NOTES], p. 4: "The power that is provided by section 1(1) applies to withdrawal from the EU. This includes the European Atomic Energy Community (‘Euratom’), as the European Union (Amendment) Act 2008 sets out that the term “EU” includes (as the context permits or requires) Euratom (section 3(2))."</ref><ref>{{Cite report|last=Hinson|first=Suzanna|date=8 January 2019|title=Commons Briefing papers CBP-8036 |url=https://researchbriefings.parliament.uk/ResearchBriefing/Summary/CBP-8036}}</ref> However, under the terms of the [[EU–UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement|UK–EU Trade and Cooperation Agreement]], the United Kingdom participates in Euratom as an associated state following the end of the [[Brexit withdrawal agreement#Transition_period|transition period]] on 31 December 2020.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Draft EU-UK Declarations |url=https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/draft_eu-uk_declarations.pdf|access-date=26 December 2020|website=European Commission|page=21}}</ref>