Editing Extradition (section)

{{Short description|Transfer of a suspect from one jurisdiction to another by law enforcement}}
{{Redirect|Extradition Order|the band|Extradition Order (band)}}
{{Distinguish|Deportation}}
[[File:Telegram from St Louis Police to American Consul in NZ - April 1865 & Court Records from St Louis Court of Criminal Correction. In the case of Walter Horace Lennox Maxwell, accused of murder. (26473521102).jpg|thumb|380x380px|An extradition document from the [[St. Louis Metropolitan Police Department|St. Louis Police Department]] in the [[United States]], requesting the extradition of a murder suspect suspected of fleeing to [[Auckland]] in [[New Zealand]], 1885.]]
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}}

In an '''extradition''', one [[Jurisdiction (area)|jurisdiction]] delivers a person [[Suspect|accused]] or [[Conviction|convicted]] of committing a [[crime]] in another jurisdiction, into the custody of the other's [[law enforcement]]. It is a cooperative law enforcement procedure between the two jurisdictions, and depends on the arrangements made between them. In addition to legal aspects of the process, extradition also involves the physical transfer of custody of the person being extradited to the legal authority of the requesting jurisdiction.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iSvUjwEACAAJ|title=Bringing International Fugitives to Justice: Extradition and its Alternatives|last=Sadoff|first=David A.|date=24 December 2016|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-107-12928-3|pages=43|language=en}}</ref>

In an extradition process, one sovereign jurisdiction makes a formal request to another sovereign jurisdiction ("the requested state"). If the fugitive is found within the territory of the requested state, then the requested state may arrest the fugitive and subject them to its extradition process.<ref name="Stigall" /> The extradition procedures to which the fugitive will be subjected are dependent on the law and practice of the requested state.<ref name="Stigall" />

Between countries, extradition is normally regulated by [[treaties]]. Where extradition is compelled by laws, such as among sub-national jurisdictions, the concept may be known more generally as [[Rendition (law)|rendition]]. It is an ancient mechanism, dating back to at least the 13th century BCE, when an Egyptian [[pharaoh]], [[Ramesses&nbsp;II]], negotiated an extradition treaty with a [[Hittite king]], [[Hattusili&nbsp;III]].<ref name="Stigall">{{cite SSRN|title=Ungoverned Spaces, Transnational Crime, and the Prohibition on Extraterritorial Enforcement Jurisdiction in International Law|date=3 February 2013|ssrn=2211219 |last1= Stigall|first1=Dan E.}}</ref>