Editing FN P90 (section)

{{short description|Belgian compact personal defense weapon}}
{{Redirect|P90}}
{{good article}}
{{Infobox weapon
| name               = FN P90
| image              = P90 Official No Bg.png
| image_size         = 320px
| alt                = 
| caption            = P90 5.7×28mm
| origin             = [[Belgium]]
| type               = [[Personal Defense Weapon]]
<!-- Type selection -->| is_ranged          = Yes
| is_bladed          = 
| is_explosive       = 
| is_artillery       = 
| is_vehicle         = 
| is_missile         = 
| is_UK              = <!-- Service history -->
| service            = 1990–present
| used_by            = See ''[[#Users|Users]]''
| wars               = *[[Internal conflict in Peru]] 
* [[War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)|War in Afghanistan]]
* [[Iraq War]]
* [[Mexican Drug War]]<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/nacion/157095.html |title=Armas del Ejército de EU, en narco mexicano |language=es |date=January 19, 2008 |author=Otero, Silvia |newspaper=[[El Universal (Mexico City)|El Universal]] |access-date=November 18, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120711073319/http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/nacion/157095.html |archive-date=July 11, 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Libyan Civil War]]<ref name="deredactie"/>
<!-- Production history -->| designer           = Rene Predazzer
| design_date        = 1986–90<ref name="diez2000"/>
| manufacturer       = [[FN Herstal]]
| unit_cost          = 
| production_date    = 1990–present{{efn|name="Caliber"|The revised 5.7 SS190 cartridge, which would become the main chambering of P90, was developed in 1993. See Watters, Daniel E.}}<ref name="arsmechanica08"/>
| number             = 
| variants           = See ''[[#Variants|Variants]]''
| spec_label         = 
| weight             = *{{cvt|5.8|lb||order=flip}} (''P90'')<ref name="FNH P90">{{cite web|title=The P90 Series|url=http://www.fnhusa.com/l/products/military/tactical/p90-series/p90-standard/|publisher=FNH USA|access-date=20 December 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130122125626/http://www.fnhusa.com/l/products/military/tactical/p90-series/p90-standard/|archive-date=22 January 2013}}</ref>
* {{cvt|6.28|lb||order=flip}} (''PS90'')<ref name="FNH PS90">{{cite web|title=The PS90 Series|url=http://www.fnhusa.com/l/products/commercial/carbines/ps90-standard/|publisher=FNH USA|access-date=20 December 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130119182054/http://www.fnhusa.com/l/products/commercial/carbines/ps90-standard/|archive-date=19 January 2013}}</ref>
| length             = *{{convert|50.5|cm|abbr=on}} (''P90'')<ref name="FNH P90"/>
* {{convert|66.6|cm|abbr=on}} (''PS90'')<ref name="FNH PS90"/>
| part_length        = *{{convert|26.4|cm|abbr=on}} (''P90'')<ref name="FNH P90"/>
* {{convert|40.7|cm|abbr=on}} (''PS90'')<ref name="FNH PS90"/>
| width              = {{convert|5.5|cm|abbr=on}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
| height             = {{convert|21|cm|abbr=on}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
| diameter           = 
| crew               = 
| passengers         = <!-- Ranged weapon specifications -->
| cartridge          = [[FN 5.7×28mm]]<ref name="fnhusap90"/>
| cartridge_weight   = 
| caliber            = 
| barrels            = 
| action             = [[Blowback (firearms)|Straight blowback]], [[closed bolt]]<ref name="fnhusap90"/>
| rate               = 850–1,100 rounds/min<ref name="jones2009"/>
| velocity           = {{convert|715|m/s|abbr=on}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
| range              = {{convert|200|m|abbr=on}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
| max_range          = {{convert|1800|m|abbr=on}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
| feed               = 50-round detachable box [[Magazine (firearms)|magazine]]<ref name="fnhusap90"/>
| sights             = [[Tritium]]-illuminated [[Red dot sight|reflex sight]], back-up [[iron sights]]<ref name="jones2009"/>
}}

The '''FN P90''' is a [[personal defense weapon]] chambered for the [[FN 5.7×28mm|5.7×28mm]] [[Cartridge (firearms)|cartridge]], also classified as a [[submachine gun]], designed and manufactured by [[FN Herstal]] in [[Belgium]].<ref name="miller2001">{{cite book |first=David |last=Miller |year=2001 |title=The Illustrated Directory of 20th Century Guns |publisher=Salamander Books Ltd. |location=London |isbn=9781840652451}}</ref><ref name="dockery2007">{{cite book |first=Dockery |last=Kevin |author-link=Kevin Dockery (author) |year=2007 |title=Future Weapons |publisher=Berkley Trade |location=New York |isbn=9780425217504}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=FN P90® |url=https://fnherstal.com/en/defence/portable-weapons/fn-p90/ |access-date=2023-04-16 |website=FN HERSTAL |language=en-GB}}</ref> Created in response to [[NATO]] requests for a replacement for [[9×19mm Parabellum]] firearms, the P90 was designed as a compact but powerful firearm for vehicle crews, operators of crew-served weapons, support personnel, [[special forces]], and [[counter-terrorist]] groups.

Designed in conjunction with the [[FN Five-seven]] [[pistol]] and [[FN 5.7×28mm|FN 5.7×28mm NATO]] [[ammunition]],<ref name="arsmechanica08"/> development of the weapon began in 1986, and production commenced in 1990, when it was known as the ''Project 9.0'' (from which the "90" in its name is derived<ref name="arsmechanica08">{{cite book |editor1-first=Auguste |editor1-last=Francotte |editor2-first=Gaier |editor2-last=Claude |editor3-first=Karlshausen |editor3-last=Robert |title=Ars Mechanica&nbsp;– The Ultimate FN Book |date=January 2008 |publisher=Herstal Group |location=Vottem |isbn=9782874158773}}</ref>), whereupon the 5.7×28mm ammunition was redesigned and shortened.<ref name="diez2000">{{cite book |first=Octavio |last=Díez |year=2000 |title=Armament and Technology: Handguns |publisher=Lema Publications, S.L. |location=Barcelona |isbn=9788484630135}}</ref> A modified version of the P90 with a [[Magazine (firearms)|magazine]] adapted to use the new ammunition was introduced in 1993, and the Five-seven pistol was subsequently introduced as a companion weapon using the same 5.7×28mm ammunition.<ref name="gunzonetimeline1990">{{cite web |url=http://www.thegunzone.com/556dw-10.html |title=The 5.56 × 45mm Timeline: 1990–1994 |author=Watters, Daniel E. |publisher=The Gun Zone |access-date=December 23, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100104174808/http://thegunzone.com/556dw-10.html |archive-date=January 4, 2010 }}</ref>

Featuring a compact [[bullpup]] design with an integrated [[Reflector sight|reflex sight]] and fully [[ambidextrous]] controls, the P90 is an unconventional weapon with a futuristic appearance.<ref name="dockery2007"/> Its design incorporates several innovations, such as a unique top-mounted magazine and FN's small-caliber, high-[[muzzle velocity|velocity]] 5.7×28mm ammunition.<ref name="dockery2007"/> Additional integrated features include interchangeable visible or [[infrared]] [[laser]] and [[tritium]] light sources.

The P90 is currently in service with military and police forces in over 40 nations, such as [[Austria]], [[Brazil]], [[Canada]], [[France]], [[Greece]], [[India]], [[Malaysia]], [[Poland]], and the [[United States]].<ref name="milrev">Tirans, Ivars (2009). "Baltic Defence Research and Technology 2009 Conference Proceedings". Military Review: Scientific Journal for Security and Defence ({{ISSN|1407-1746}}), Nr. 3/4 (132/133), p 103.</ref><!--NOTE: See the Users section of this article for additional references for each individual country.--> In the United States, the P90 is in use with over 200 [[Law enforcement agency|law enforcement agencies]], including the [[United States Secret Service|U.S. Secret Service]].<ref name="white2009">{{cite video|people=White, Tim |title=FN PS90 Product Video |url=http://www.fnhusa.com/le/flash/prodvid.asp?PS90.f4v |format=f4v |publisher=[[FNH USA]] |year=2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927163635/http://www.fnhusa.com/le/flash/prodvid.asp?PS90.f4v |archive-date=2011-09-27 }}</ref> In the United States, the standard [[selective fire]] P90 is restricted to the military, law enforcement, or holders of certain [[Federal Firearms License]]s (FFLs) with the [[Special Occupational Taxpayers|Special Occupational Tax]] (SOT). Since 2005, a [[semi-automatic firearm|semi-automatic]] version with a longer barrel has been offered to civilian users as the ''PS90''.<ref name="dettyTL2008">{{cite web |url=http://www.tactical-life.com/online/special-weapons/fnh-57x28mm-dynamic-duo |title=FNH 5.7×28mm Dynamic Duo |author=Detty, Mike |date=October 2008 |publisher=Special Weapons For Military & Police |access-date=November 21, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100717033247/http://www.tactical-life.com/online/special-weapons/fnh-57x28mm-dynamic-duo/ |archive-date=July 17, 2010 |url-status=live }}</ref>