Editing False memory syndrome (section)

{{Short description|Proposed condition of false or biased recollections}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2018}}
{{Use American English|date=December 2018}}
In [[psychology]], '''false memory syndrome''' ('''FMS''') was a proposed "pattern of beliefs and behaviors"<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=de Rivera |first=Joseph |date=1997 |title=The Construction of False Memory Syndrome: The Experience of Retractors |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1207/s15327965pli0804_1 |journal=Psychological Inquiry |language=en |volume=8 |issue=4 |pages=271–292 |doi=10.1207/s15327965pli0804_1 |issn=1047-840X|url-access=subscription }}</ref> in which a person's identity and relationships are affected by [[false memory|false memories]] of [[psychological trauma]], recollections which are strongly believed by the individual, but contested by the accused.<ref>{{Cite book|last=McHugh|first=Paul Rodney|author-link=Paul R. McHugh|title=Try to remember: Psychiatry's clash over meaning, memory and mind|publisher=[[Dana Foundation|Dana Press]]|isbn=978-1-932594-39-3|year=2008|pages=66–67}}</ref> False memory syndrome was proposed to be the result of [[recovered memory therapy]], a scientifically discredited form of therapy intended to recover memories. Originally conceptualized by the [[False Memory Syndrome Foundation]], the organization sought to understand what they understood as a general pattern of behaviors that followed after a patient underwent recovered memory therapy and to come up with a term to explain the pattern.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Freyd |first=Pamela |date=5 March 1993 |title=Our Critics |url=http://fmsfonline.org/newsletters/fmsf_1993_mar_v2_n3.pdf |journal=FMS Foundation Newsletter |volume=2 |issue=3 |pages=3–4}}</ref> The principle that individuals can hold false memories and the role that outside influence can play in their formation is widely accepted by scientists, but there is debate over whether this effect can lead to the kinds of detailed memories of repeated sexual abuse and significant personality changes (i.e. cutting off family members) typical of cases that FMS has historically been applied to.<ref>Paterson, H. M., Kemp, R. I., & Forgas, J. P. (2010). "Co-witnesses, confederates, and conformity: The effects of discussion and delay on eyewitness memory.," ''Psychiatry, Psychology and Law.''</ref><ref>Loftus, Elizabeth F. ''Memory: Surprising New Insights Into How We Remember and Why We Forget'' (Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley Pub. Co., 1980).</ref><ref>Schacter, Daniel L. The Seven Sins of Memory : How the Mind Forgets and Remembers (Houghton Mifflin Co., 2001).</ref><ref>''Association for Psychological Science'' (2008, August 20). "False Memories Affect Behavior."</ref>{{Failed verification|date=March 2024}} FMS is not listed as a [[psychiatric illness]]<ref>{{cite book | last = Rix | first = Rebecca | title = Sexual abuse litigation: a practical resource for attorneys, clinicians, and advocates | publisher = Routledge | year = 2000 | page = 33 | isbn = 978-0-7890-1174-9 }}</ref> in any medical manuals including the [[ICD-11]],<ref name="Inviting Scientific Discourse on Tr">{{cite journal |last1=Dalenberg |first1=Constance J. |last2=Brand |first2=Bethany L. |last3=Loewenstein |first3=Richard J. |last4=Frewen |first4=Paul A. |last5=Spiegel |first5=David |title=Inviting Scientific Discourse on Traumatic Dissociation: Progress Made and Obstacles to Further Resolution |journal=Psychological Injury and Law |date=12 June 2020 |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=135–154|doi=10.1007/s12207-020-09376-9 }}</ref> or the [[DSM-5]].<ref>{{Cite book | author=American Psychiatric Association | year=2013 | title=Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders | edition=Fifth | publisher=American Psychiatric Publishing | location=Arlington, VA | isbn=978-0-89042-555-8 | url-access=registration | url=https://archive.org/details/diagnosticstatis0005unse }}</ref> The most influential figure in the genesis of the theory is psychologist [[Elizabeth Loftus]].<ref name="Zagorski">{{Cite journal |last1=Zagorski |first1=N. |year=2005 |title=Profile of Elizabeth F. Loftus |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |volume=102 |issue=39 |pages=13721–13723 |bibcode=2005PNAS..10213721Z |doi=10.1073/pnas.0506223102 |pmc=1236565 |pmid=16172386 |doi-access=free}}</ref>{{failed verification |reason=article never mentions fms, just memory generally|date=June 2023}}