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Female ejaculation
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{{Short description|Expulsion of fluid during orgasm}} {{Pp-semi-indef}} {{Pp-move}} [[File:Skenes gland.jpg|thumb|There is substantial evidence that the [[Skene's gland]] is the source of female ejaculation.]]<!--NOTE: Per talk page discussions, adding a real-life image of supposed female ejaculation is disputed. Refer to previous talk page discussions. --> '''Female ejaculation''' is characterized<!--NOTE: "Refers to" is avoided per WP:Refers. The words "is characterized as" are used because the nature of female ejaculation is highly debated and therefore using "is" without these qualifiers can be argued as a non-neutral descriptor.--> as an expulsion of fluid from the [[Skene's gland]] at the lower end of the [[urethra]] during or before an [[orgasm]]. It is also known colloquially as '''squirting''' or '''gushing''', although research indicates that female ejaculation and squirting are different phenomena, squirting being attributed to a sudden expulsion of liquid that partly comes from the bladder and contains [[urine]].<ref name="pastor">{{cite journal |vauthors=Pastor Z, Chmel R |title=Differential diagnostics of female "sexual" fluids: a narrative review |journal=International Urogynecology Journal |volume=29 |issue=5 |pages=621–629 |date=May 2018 |pmid=29285596 |doi=10.1007/s00192-017-3527-9 |s2cid=5045626 |url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00192-017-3527-9|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref name="Salama">{{cite journal | last1=Salama | first1=Samuel | last2=Boitrelle | first2=Florence | last3=Gauquelin | first3=Amélie | last4=Malagrida | first4=Lydia | last5=Thiounn | first5=Nicolas | last6=Desvaux | first6=Pierre | title=Nature and origin of "squirting" in female sexuality | journal=The Journal of Sexual Medicine| volume=12 | issue=3 | year=2015 | issn=1743-6095 | doi=10.1111/jsm.12799 | pages=661–666|pmid=25545022| url=https://scholar.google.de/scholar?hl=de&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=Nature+and+origin+of+%22squirting%22+in+female+sexuality&btnG=| url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Rodriguez |first1=Felix D. |last2=Camacho |first2=Amarilis |last3=Bordes |first3=Stephen J. |last4=Gardner |first4=Brady |last5=Levin |first5=Roy J. |last6=Tubbs |first6=R. Shane |title=Female ejaculation: An update on anatomy, history, and controversies |journal=[[Clinical Anatomy]] |date=2021 |volume=34 |issue=1 |pages=103–107 |doi=10.1002/ca.23654|pmid=32681804 }}</ref> Female ejaculation is physiologically distinct from [[coital incontinence]], with which it is sometimes confused.<ref name=Pastor2013>{{Cite journal|last=Pastor|first=Zlatko|date=July 2013|title=Female ejaculation orgasm vs. coital incontinence: a systematic review|journal=The Journal of Sexual Medicine|volume=10|issue=7|pages=1682–1691|doi=10.1111/jsm.12166|issn=1743-6109|pmid=23634659| url=https://scholar.google.de/scholar?hl=de&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=Female+ejaculation+orgasm+vs.+coital+incontinence%3A+a+systematic+review&btnG=|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref name="pmid19170835">{{cite journal|vauthors=Serati M, Salvatore S, Uccella S, Nappi RE, Bolis P| title=Female urinary incontinence during intercourse: a review on an understudied problem for women's sexuality | journal=J Sex Med | year= 2009 | volume= 6 | issue= 1 | pages= 40–8 | pmid=19170835 | doi=10.1111/j.1743-6109.2008.01055.x | url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19170835 }}</ref> There have been few studies on female ejaculation.<ref name="Estupinyà">{{cite book|first=Pere|last=Estupinyà|title=S=EX2: The Science of Sex|date=2016|publisher=[[Springer (publisher)|Springer]]|pages=87–89|isbn=978-3319317267|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UA3pDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA87}}</ref> A failure to adopt common definitions and research [[methodology]] by the scientific community has been the primary contributor to this lack of experimental data.<ref name="Taverner">{{cite book|first=William|last=J. Taverner|title=Taking Sides: Clashing Views on Controversial Issues in Human Sexuality|isbn=978-0072917116|date=2005|publisher=[[McGraw-Hill Education]]|pages=80–89|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CCpFAAAAYAAJ}}</ref> Research has suffered from highly selected participants, narrow case studies, or very small sample sizes, and consequently has yet to produce significant results. Much of the research into the composition of the fluid focuses on determining whether it is, or contains, urine.<ref name="Estupinyà"/><ref name="rodriguez">{{cite journal| vauthors=Rodriguez FD, Camacho A, Bordes SJ, Gardner B, Levin RJ, Tubbs RS| title=Female ejaculation: An update on anatomy, history, and controversies. | journal=Clinical Anatomy | year= 2020 | volume=34 | issue=1 | pages=103–107 | pmid=32681804 | doi=10.1002/ca.23654 | s2cid=220634920 | url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ca.23654| url-access=subscription }}</ref> It is common for any secretion that exits the vagina, and for fluid that exits the urethra, during sexual activity to be referred to as ''female ejaculate'', which has led to significant confusion in the literature.<ref name="rodriguez"/> Whether the fluid is secreted by the Skene's gland through and around the urethra has also been a topic of discussion; while the exact source and nature of the fluid remains controversial among medical professionals, and are related to doubts over the existence of the [[G-spot]],<ref name="Balon, Segraves">{{cite book|first1=Richard |last1=Balon |first2=Robert Taylor |last2=Segraves|title=Clinical Manual of Sexual Disorders |publisher= [[American Psychiatric Association|American Psychiatric Publishing]]|year=2009|page=258|isbn=978-1585629053|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YuP3Hb0TMLQC&pg=PA258}}</ref><ref name="Greenberg">{{cite book|first1=Jerrold S. |last1=Greenberg |first2=Clint E. |last2=Bruess |first3=Sara B. |last3=Oswalt|title=Exploring the Dimensions of Human Sexuality|pages=102–104|isbn=978-1449648510|date=2014|publisher=[[Jones & Bartlett Publishers]]|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hm3aTuANFroC&pg=PA102}}</ref><ref name="rodriguez"/> there is substantial evidence that the Skene's gland is the source of female ejaculation.<ref name=pastor/><ref name="rodriguez"/> The function of female ejaculation, however, remains unclear.<ref name="rodriguez"/>
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