Editing First Serbian Uprising (section)

{{short description|1804–1813 rebellion in the Ottoman Empire which began the Serbian Revolution}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2024}}
{{Infobox military conflict
| conflict          = First Serbian Uprising
| partof            = the [[Serbian Revolution]]
| image             = Osvajanje Beograda.jpg
| image_size        = 325px
| caption           = ''[[The Conquest of Belgrade]]'' <br /> by [[Katarina Ivanović]]
| date              = 14 February 1804 – 7 October 1813<br>({{Age in years, months, weeks and days|month1=02|day1=14|year1=1804|month2=10|day2=07|year2=1813}})
| place             = [[Pashalik of Belgrade]], parts of the [[Sanjak of Vidin]]
| result            = Ottoman victory<br />(see [[#Aftermath|Aftermath section]])
| territory         = Abolishment of the [[Revolutionary Serbia|Serbian rebel government]]
| combatant1        = {{flag|Revolutionary Serbia}} <br> '''Supported by:''' <br>{{flag|Russian Empire}} (1807–1812)<br/>{{flag|Wallachia|1806}} (1804)
| combatant2        = {{Plainlist |
* [[Dahije]] (1804)
}}
----
''From 1805'':<br />
{{flagicon|Ottoman Empire|1793}} [[Ottoman Empire]]<br>
*{{flagicon|Bosnia Eyalet}} [[Ayan (class)|Ayans]]
*[[File:Flag of Mahmut Pasha Bushatli - 1796.svg|18px]] [[Pashalik of Scutari]]
*[[Pashalik of Yanina]]
----
''From 1813'':<br />
* {{flag|Wallachia|1812}}
** [[File:Caimacam of Craiova seal under Gheorghe Arghiropol, 1813.svg|12px]] [[Great Banship of Craiova]]
| commander1        = {{Plainlist |
* {{flagicon|Revolutionary Serbia}} '''[[Karađorđe]]'''
* {{flagicon|Revolutionary Serbia}} [[Matija Nenadović]]
* {{flagicon|Revolutionary Serbia}} [[Jakov Nenadović]]
* {{flagicon|Revolutionary Serbia}} [[Mladen Milovanović]]
* {{flagicon|Revolutionary Serbia}} [[Milenko Stojković]]
* {{flagicon|Revolutionary Serbia}} [[Stanoje Glavaš]]
* {{flagicon|Revolutionary Serbia}} [[Janko Katić]]
* {{flagicon|Revolutionary Serbia}} [[Vasa Čarapić]]{{KIA}}
* {{flagicon|Revolutionary Serbia}} [[Hajduk Veljko]]{{KIA}} 
* {{flagicon|Revolutionary Serbia}} [[Miloš Obrenović]]
* {{flagicon|Revolutionary Serbia}} [[Zeka Buljubaša]]{{KIA}}
* {{flagicon|Revolutionary Serbia}} [[Petar Dobrnjac]]
* {{flagicon|Revolutionary Serbia}} [[Tomo Milinović]]
* {{flagicon|Russian Empire}} [[Mikhail Kutuzov]]
}}
| commander2        = {{Plainlist |
* [[Mehmed-aga Fočić]]{{KIA}}
* [[Aganlija]]{{KIA}}
* [[Kučuk-Alija]]{{KIA}}
* [[Mula Jusuf]]{{KIA}}
}}
----
{{Plainlist |
* {{flagicon|Ottoman Empire|1793}} [[Sulejman Pasha Skopljak]]
* {{flagicon|Ottoman Empire|1793}} [[Hurshid Pasha]]
* {{flagicon|Bosnia Eyalet}} [[Bekir Pasha]]
* {{flagicon|Bosnia Eyalet}} [[Sinan Pasha Sijerčić]]{{KIA}}
* {{flagicon|Bosnia Eyalet}} [[Osman Gradaščević]]{{KIA}}
* {{flagicon|Bosnia Eyalet}} [[Mehmed Bey Kulenović]]{{KIA}}
* [[File:Flag of Mahmut Pasha Bushatli - 1796.svg|18px]] [[Ibrahim Pasha of Scutari|Ibrahim Bushati]]
* {{flagicon|Ottoman Empire|1793}} [[Muhtar Pasha of Tepelena|Muhtar Pasha]]
* {{flagicon|Ottoman Empire|1793}} [[Veli Pasha]]
* {{flagicon|Wallachia|1812}} [[John Caradja]]
}}
| strength1         = 
| strength2         = 
| casualties1       = 20,000 soldiers killed{{sfn | Protić | 1893 | p=}} <br>60,000 civilians killed
| casualties2       = 70,000 soldiers killed{{sfn | Protić | 1893 | p=}}
| notes             = 
| campaignbox       = {{Campaignbox Serbian Revolution}}
}}

The '''First Serbian Uprising''' ({{langx|sr|Prvi srpski ustanak|italics=yes}}; {{lang-sr-Cyrl|Први српски устанак}}; {{langx|tr|Birinci Sırp Ayaklanması}}) was an uprising of [[Serbs]] in [[Orašac (Aranđelovac)|Orašac]] against the [[Ottoman Empire]] from 14 February 1804, to 7 October 1813. The uprising began as a local revolt against the [[Dahije]], who had seized power in a [[coup d'état]]. It later evolved into a [[Wars of national liberation|war for independence]], known as the [[Serbian Revolution]], after more than three centuries of [[Ottoman Empire]] rule and brief Austrian occupations.

In 1801, the [[Janissary]] commanders assassinated the Ottoman [[Pasha]] and took control of the [[Pashalik of Belgrade]], ruling it independently of the [[Ottoman Sultan]]. This led to a period of tyranny, during which the Janissaries suspended the rights previously granted to the Serbs by the Sultan. They also raised taxes, imposed [[forced labor|forced labour]], and made other changes that negatively affected the Serbs. In 1804, the Janissaries feared that the Sultan would use the Serbs against them, which led to the [[Slaughter of the Knezes|assassination of many Serbian chiefs]]. An assembly chose [[Karađorđe]] to lead the uprising, and the rebel army quickly defeated and took over towns throughout the sanjak, technically fighting for the Sultan. Sultan [[Selim III]], fearing their power, ordered all the [[Pashalik]]s in the region to crush them. The Serbs marched against the Ottomans and, after major victories in 1805–06, established a government and parliament that returned land to the people, abolished [[forced labor|forced labour]], and reduced taxes.

Serbia's military successes continued over the years, spurred on by the [[Russian Empire]]'s involvement in the parallel [[Russo-Turkish War (1806–1812)|Russo–Turkish War]]. However, disagreements arose between Karađorđe, who sought an [[absolute monarchy]], and other leaders who wanted to limit his power because some of his colleagues abused their privileges for personal gain. After the Russo-Ottoman War ended in 1812, the Ottoman Empire took advantage of these circumstances and reconquered Serbia in 1813. 

Although the uprising was unsuccessful, the Serbs were the first Christian population in Ottoman history to rise up against the Sultan and succeed in creating a short-lived independent state. Their uprising eventually became a symbol of the nation-building process in the Balkans and inspired unrest among neighbouring Balkan peoples.{{sfn | Glenny | 2012 | p=13}} The uprising soon resumed with the [[Second Serbian Uprising]] in 1815.