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Flagellant
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{{Short description|Practitioner of a form of mortification of the flesh}} <!--This article is in US English--> [[File:Guardia Sanframondi (31500390952).jpg|thumb|300px|A [[confraternity of penitents]] in Italy mortifying the flesh with [[Discipline (instrument of penance)|disciplines]] in a seven-hour procession; [[capirote]] are worn by penitents so that attention is not drawn towards themselves, but to [[God in Christianity|God]], as they repent.]] '''Flagellants''' are practitioners of a form of [[mortification of the flesh]] by [[whip]]ping their skin with various [[instruments of penance]].<ref name="Nethersole2018"/> Many Christian [[confraternities of penitents]] have flagellants, who beat themselves, both in the privacy of their dwellings and in public processions, to repent of [[Christian views on sin|sins]] and share in the [[Passion of Jesus]].<ref name="Nethersole2018">{{cite book |last1=Nethersole |first1=Scott |title=Art and Violence in Early Renaissance Florence |date=2018 |publisher=[[Yale University ]] |isbn=978-0-300-23351-3 |page=107 |language=English |quote=As Fra Antonio emphasised, the ''confratelli'' sought through self-inflicted pain to gain remission for their sins, by sharing in Christ's suffering, ''in imitatione Christi''.}}</ref> In the 14th century, a movement within [[Western Christianity]] known as Flagellantism became popular and adherents "began beating their flesh in a public penitential ritual in response to war, famine, plague and fear engendered by millenarianism."<ref name="Nethersole2018"/> Though this movement withered away, the practices of public repentance and promoting peace were adopted by the flagellants in Christian, especially Roman Catholic, [[confraternities of penitents]] that exist to the present-day.<ref name="Nethersole2018"/>
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