Editing Food and Drug Administration (section)

{{Short description|United States federal agency}}
{{hatnote group|{{Redirect|FDA}}{{for|the department concerned with food production|United States Department of Agriculture}}{{other use}}}}
{{Use American English|date=March 2019}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2025}}
{{cs1 config|name-list-style=vanc|display-authors=6}}
{{Infobox government agency
| name            = Food and Drug Administration
| seal            = 
| logo            = Food and Drug Administration icon 2016.svg
| logo_width      = 180px
| formed          = {{start date and age|1906|6|30}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fda.gov/AboutFDA/WhatWeDo/History/CentennialofFDA/default.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160524231757/https://www.fda.gov/AboutFDA/WhatWeDo/History/CentennialofFDA/default.htm |archive-date=May 24, 2016 |title=FDA Centennial 1906–2006 |access-date=September 13, 2008 |publisher=Food and Drug Administration |language=en-US}}</ref>
| preceding1      = Food, Drug, and Insecticide Administration (July 1927 – July 1930)
| preceding2      = Bureau of Chemistry, [[USDA]] (July 1901 – July 1927)
| preceding3      = Division of Chemistry, USDA (established 1862)
| jurisdiction    = [[Federal government of the United States]]
| headquarters    = [[Silver Spring, Maryland]], U.S.
| coordinates     = {{Wikidatacoord|Q204711|type:landmark_region:US-MD|display=inline,title}}
| employees       = 18,000 (2022)<ref name="fy2022"/>
| budget          = {{USD|6.5}}{{nbsp}}billion (2022)<ref name="fy2022">{{cite web |title=FY 2022 FDA Budget Request |url=https://www.fda.gov/media/149613/download |publisher=FDA |access-date=January 14, 2022 |archive-date=June 2, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230602090805/https://www.fda.gov/media/149613/download |url-status=live }}</ref>
| chief1_name     = [[Marty Makary]]
| chief1_position = [[Commissioner of Food and Drugs]]<ref>{{cite web | title=Martin A. Makary, M.D., M.P.H., Sworn in as FDA Commissioner | website=U.S. Food and Drug Administration | date=October 1, 2024 | url=https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/martin-makary-md-mph-sworn-fda-commissioner | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250401165811/https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/martin-makary-md-mph-sworn-fda-commissioner | url-status=dead | archive-date=April 1, 2025 | access-date=April 2, 2025}}</ref>
| chief2_name     = ''Vacant''
| chief2_position = Principal Deputy Commissioner
| chief3_name     = 
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| chief5_name     = 
| chief5_position = 
| chief6_name     = 
| chief6_position = 
| chief7_name     = 
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| parent_department = 
| parent_agency   = [[United States Department of Health and Human Services|Department of Health and Human Services]]
| child1_agency   = [[Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research]]
| child2_agency   = [[Center for Devices and Radiological Health]]
| child3_agency   = [[Center for Drug Evaluation and Research]]
| child4_agency   = [[Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition]]
| child5_agency   = [[Center for Tobacco Products]]
| child6_agency   = [[Center for Veterinary Medicine]]
| child7_agency   = [[National Center for Toxicological Research]]
| child8_agency   = [[Office of Criminal Investigations]]
| child9_agency   = [[Office of Regulatory Affairs]]
| website         = {{official URL}}
}}

The United States '''Food and Drug Administration''' ('''FDA''' or '''US FDA''') is a [[List of United States federal agencies|federal agency]] of the [[United States Department of Health and Human Services|Department of Health and Human Services]]. The FDA is responsible for protecting and promoting [[public health]] through the control and supervision of [[food safety]], [[tobacco]] products, [[caffeine]] products, [[dietary supplement]]s, [[Prescription drug|prescription]] and [[Over-the-counter drug|over-the-counter]] [[pharmaceutical drug]]s (medications), [[vaccine]]s, [[biopharmaceutical]]s, [[blood transfusion]]s, [[medical device]]s, [[electromagnetic radiation]] emitting devices (ERED), cosmetics, [[Animal feed|animal foods & feed]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fda.gov/AnimalVeterinary/Products/AnimalFoodFeeds/default.htm |title=Animal Food & Feeds |publisher=Food and Drug Administration |access-date=March 14, 2015 |archive-date=March 22, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150322105837/https://www.fda.gov/AnimalVeterinary/Products/AnimalFoodFeeds/default.htm |url-status=dead}}</ref> and [[Veterinary medicine|veterinary products]].

The FDA's primary focus is enforcement of the [[Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act]] (FD&C). However, the agency also enforces other laws, notably Section 361 of the Public Health Service Act as well as associated regulations. Much of this regulatory-enforcement work is not directly related to food or drugs but involves other factors like regulating [[lasers]], [[cellular phones]], and [[condoms]]. In addition, the FDA takes control of diseases in the contexts varying from household pets to [[sperm donation|human sperm donated]] for use in [[assisted reproduction]].

The FDA is led by the [[commissioner of Food and Drugs|commissioner of food and drugs]], appointed by the president with the [[advice and consent]] of the [[United States Senate|Senate]]. The commissioner reports to the [[United States Secretary of Health and Human Services|secretary of health and human services]]. Sara Brenner is the current acting commissioner as of January 24, 2025, following the resignation of Commissioner [[Robert Califf]] on January 20, 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Commissioner |first=Office of the |date=January 24, 2025 |title=Sara Brenner {{!}} FDA |url=https://www.fda.gov/about-fda/fda-organization/sara-brenner |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250127011150/https://www.fda.gov/about-fda/fda-organization/sara-brenner |url-status=dead |archive-date=January 27, 2025 |access-date=January 25, 2025 |website=www.fda.gov |language=en}}</ref>

The FDA's headquarters is located in the [[White Oak, Maryland|White Oak]] area of [[Silver Spring, Maryland]].<ref name="White Oak">{{cite web |url=https://www.fda.gov/AboutFDA/WorkingatFDA/BuildingsandFacilities/WhiteOakCampusInformation/ |title=White Oak Campus Information |publisher=Food and Drug Administration |date=February 9, 2011 |access-date=May 12, 2017 |archive-date=April 21, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160421021526/http://www.fda.gov/AboutFDA/WorkingatFDA/BuildingsandFacilities/WhiteOakCampusInformation/ |url-status=dead}}</ref> The agency has 223 field offices and 13 [[laboratories]] located across the 50 states, the [[United States Virgin Islands]], and [[Puerto Rico]].<ref name=train>{{cite web |url=https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Training/ClinicalInvestigatorTrainingCourse/UCM283299.pdf |title=FDA Overview |access-date=August 30, 2012 |publisher=Food and Drug Administration |archive-date=November 1, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131101113740/http://www.fda.gov/downloads/Training/ClinicalInvestigatorTrainingCourse/UCM283299.pdf |url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2008, the FDA began to post employees to foreign countries, including China, India, Costa Rica, Chile, Belgium, and the United Kingdom.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://test.fda.gov/ForConsumers/ConsumerUpdates/ucm185769.htm |title=FDA's International Posts: Improving the Safety of Imported Food and Medical Products |access-date=April 10, 2010 |publisher=Food and Drug Administration |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100810183402/http://test.fda.gov/ForConsumers/ConsumerUpdates/ucm185769.htm |archive-date=August 10, 2010}}</ref>

[[File:FDA Bldg 31 - Exterior (5161375422).jpg|thumb|upright|FDA Building 31 houses the [[Commissioner of Food and Drugs|Office of the Commissioner]] and the Office of Regulatory [[Department of Health and Human Services]].<ref>{{cite web |title=About the FDA Organization Charts |url=https://www.fda.gov/AboutFDA/CentersOffices/OrganizationCharts/ucm2006146.htm |access-date=July 19, 2015 |publisher=Food and Drug Administration |quote=FDA is an agency within the Department of Health and Human Services and consists of nine Centers and Offices, which are listed on the menu to the left. |date=August 29, 2014 |archive-date=July 22, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150722064030/http://www.fda.gov/AboutFDA/CentersOffices/OrganizationCharts/ucm2006146.htm |url-status=dead}}</ref> The agency consists of fourteen Centers and Offices.{{NoteTag|The quoted text from the source indicates "9" but the actual count from the website indicates "14".}}|alt=]]