Editing Frederik Ruysch (section)

{{Short description|17/18th-century Dutch botanist and anatomist}}
{{Infobox scientist
|name              = Frederik Ruysch
|image             =Frederik Ruysch, by Jurriaen Pool.jpg
|image_size        = 
|caption           = Frederik Ruysch, by his son-in-law [[Juriaen Pool]]
|birth_date        = {{birth date|1638|03|28}}
|birth_place       = [[The Hague]]
|death_date        = {{death date and age|1731|02|22|1638|03|23}}
|death_place       = [[Amsterdam]]
|residence  = |citizenship = 
|nationality       = [[Netherlands|Dutch]]
|ethnicity         = 
|field             = [[botany]], [[anatomy]]
|work_institutions = 
|alma_mater        = [[University of Leiden]]
|doctoral_advisor  = 
|doctoral_students = 
|known_for         = 
|author_abbrev_bot =|author_abbrev_zoo = 
|influences        = 
|influenced        = 
|prizes            = 
|spouse            = Maria Post (1643–1720)
|children          = [[Rachel Ruysch]] (*1664, painter)<br/>[[Anna Ruysch]] (*1666, painter)
|religion = |footnotes = |signature =
}}
[[File:De anatomische les van Dr. Frederick Ruysch.jpg|thumb|upright=1.5|''The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Frederick Ruysch'' by [[Jan van Neck]] (1683). [[Amsterdam Museum]].]]

'''Frederik Ruysch''' ({{IPA|nl|ˈfreːdərɪk ˈrœys|lang}}; March 28, 1638 – February 22, 1731) was a Dutch [[botany|botanist]] and [[anatomy|anatomist]]. He is known for developing techniques for preserving anatomical specimens, which he used to create dioramas or scenes incorporating human parts.<ref>[http://www.zymoglyphic.org/exhibits/ruysch.html Frederik Ruysch's Anatomical Dioramas].</ref> His anatomical preparations included over 2,000 anatomical, pathological, zoological, and botanical specimens, which were preserved by either drying or [[embalming]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Kooijmans|first1=L.|title=De doodskunstenaar, de anatomische lessen van Frederik Ruysch|date=2004|publisher=Bert Bakker|location=Amsterdam}}</ref> Ruysch is also known for his proof of [[valve]]s in the [[lymphatic system]], the [[vomeronasal organ]] in snakes, and ''arteria centralis oculi'' (the central [[artery]] of the eye). He was the first to describe the disease that is today known as [[Hirschsprung's disease]],<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-01-08|title=Hirschsprung Disease: Background, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology|url=http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/178493-overview}}</ref> as well as several pathological conditions, including intracranial [[teratoma]], [[enchondromatosis]], and [[Majewski's polydactyly syndrome|Majewski syndrome]].<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Boer|first1=Lucas|last2=Radziun|first2=Anna B.|last3=Oostra|first3=Roelof-Jan|title=Frederik Ruysch (1638–1731): Historical perspective and contemporary analysis of his teratological legacy|journal=American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A|volume=173|issue=1|pages=16–41|doi=10.1002/ajmg.a.37663|pmid=27126916|pmc=5215407|year=2017}}</ref>