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{{Short description|Defunct inter-governmental political forum}} {{about|the former political forum|its precursor and successor|G7|other uses|G8 (disambiguation)}} {{Use dmy dates|date=December 2021}} {{Redirect|Group of Eight|other uses|G8 (disambiguation)}} {| class="infobox" border="1" cellpadding="4" style="float: right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; width: 25em; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 90%; clear: right" |- !The Group of Eight in 2014 |- |[[File:G8 organization.svg|280px|Map of G8 member nations and the European Union]] ---- ; {{Flagu|Canada}} : [[Prime Minister of Canada|Prime Minister]] [[Stephen Harper]] ; {{Flagu|France}} : [[President of France|President]] [[François Hollande]] ; {{Flagu|Germany}} : [[Chancellor of Germany (Federal Republic of Germany)|Chancellor]] [[Angela Merkel]] ; {{Flagu|Italy}} : [[Prime Minister of Italy|Prime Minister]] [[Matteo Renzi]] ; {{Flagu|Japan}} : [[Prime Minister of Japan|Prime Minister]] [[Shinzō Abe]] ; {{Flag|Russia}} : [[President of Russia|President]] [[Vladimir Putin]] ; {{Flagu|United Kingdom}} : [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]] [[David Cameron]] ; {{Flagu|United States of America}} : [[President of the United States|President]] [[Barack Obama]] Also represented: ; {{Flagu|European Union}} : [[President of the European Council|Council President]] [[Herman Van Rompuy]] : [[President of the European Commission|Commission President]] [[José Manuel Barroso]] <!-- See discussion page regarding Sidebar... ; {{flagcountry|European Union}}> : [[President of the European Council]] : [[President of the European Commission]] : [[President of the European Parliament]] ; [[Rodrigo Rato|Director of the International Monetary Fund]] --> |} The '''Group of Eight''' ('''G8''') was an intergovernmental [[Political system|political forum]] from 1997 to 2014, formed by incorporating [[Russia]] into the [[G7]]. The G8 became the G7 again after Russia was expelled in 2014 after the [[annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation|Russian annexation]] of [[Crimea]]. The forum originated with a [[1st G6 summit|1975 summit]] hosted by [[France]] that brought together representatives of six governments: [[France]], [[Germany]], [[Italy]], [[Japan]], the [[United Kingdom]], and the [[United States]], thus leading to the name Group of Six or G6. The summit came to be known as the [[Group of Seven]] in 1976 with the addition of [[Canada]]. The [[European Union]] (or predecessor institutions such as the [[European Economic Community]]) was represented at the G8 since the 1980s as a "nonenumerated" participant, but originally could not host or chair summits. [[Russia]] was added to the political forum from 1997, which the following year became known as the G8. In 2005, the UK government initiated the practice of inviting five leading emerging markets – [[Brazil]], [[China]], [[India]], [[Mexico]], and [[South Africa]] – to participate in the G8 meetings that came to be known as [[G8+5]]. "G8" referred to the member states in aggregate or to the annual [[summit meeting]] of the G8 [[heads of government]]. Each calendar year, the responsibility of hosting the G8 was rotated through the member states in the following order: France, United States, United Kingdom, Russia, Germany, Japan, Italy, and Canada. The holder of the [[presidency]] sets the agenda, hosts the summit for that year, and determines which ministerial meetings will take place. G8 ministers also met throughout the year, such as the [[G7 (finance ministers)|G8 finance ministers]] (who meet four times a year), G8 foreign ministers, or G8 environment ministers. The G8 countries were not strictly the largest in the world nor the highest-income per capita, but they did represent the largest high-income countries. With the [[G20|G20 major economies]] growing in stature since the [[2008 G-20 Washington summit|2008 Washington summit]], world leaders from the group announced at their [[2009 G-20 Pittsburgh summit|Pittsburgh summit]] in September 2009 that the group would replace the G8 as the main economic council of wealthy nations. Collectively, in 2012 the G8 nations comprised [[List of countries by GDP (nominal) |50.1 percent of 2012 global nominal GDP]] and [[List of countries by GDP (PPP) |40.9 percent of global GDP (PPP)]]. In March 2014 Russia was suspended indefinitely following the [[Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation|annexation of Crimea]], whereupon the political forum name reverted to G7. The [[40th G7 summit|2014 G7 summit]] was hosted and chaired by the [[European Union]] instead of Russia.
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