Editing Garbage in, garbage out (section)

{{Use mdy dates|date=November 2022}}{{Short description|Phrase used in computer science}}
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In [[computer science]], '''garbage in, garbage out''' ('''GIGO''') is the concept that flawed, biased or poor quality ("garbage") information or [[input (computer science)|input]] produces a result or [[input/output|output]] of similar ("garbage") quality. The adage points to the need to improve data quality in, for example, programming. '''Rubbish in, rubbish out''' ('''RIRO''') is an alternate wording.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Demming |first=Anna |date=2019-06-30 |title=Machine learning collaborations accelerate materials discovery |url=https://physicsworld.com/a/machine-learning-collaborations-accelerate-materials-discovery/ |access-date=2019-09-18 |website=Physics World |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tb43AAAAQBAJ&q=RIRO&pg=PP1|title=The Art of Creative Thinking: How to be Innovative and Develop Great Ideas|last=Adair|first=John|date=2009-02-03|publisher=Kogan Page Publishers|isbn=9780749460082|language=en|author-link=John Adair (author)}}</ref>

The principle applies to all logical [[Argumentation theory|argumentation]]: [[soundness]] implies [[validity (logic)|validity]], but validity does not imply [[soundness]].