Editing Gdańsk (section)

{{short description|City in Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland}}
{{redirect2|Gdansk|Danzig||Gdańsk (disambiguation)|and|Danzig (disambiguation)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2020}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Gdańsk
| type = [[City with powiat rights|City county]]
| image_skyline = {{multiple image
| total_width = 280
| border = infobox
| perrow = 1/2/2/2/1
| caption_align = center
| image1 = Calle Dlugie Pobrzeze, Gdansk, Polonia, 2013-05-20, DD 06.jpg
| alt1 = Motława River
| caption1 = [[Motława|Motława River]]
| image2 = Corte Artus, Gdansk, Polonia, 2013-05-20, DD 03.jpg
| alt2 = Artus Court
| caption2 = [[Artus Court]]
| image3 = Gdansk Kosciol mariacki5.jpg
| alt3 = St. Mary's Church and Main Town Hall
| caption3 = [[St. Mary's Church, Gdańsk|Mary Ch.]], [[Gdańsk Town Hall|Town Hall]]
| image4 = Gran Armería, Gdansk, Polonia, 2013-05-20, DD 08.jpg
| alt4 = Mannerist Great Armoury
| caption4 = [[Northern Mannerism|Mannerist]] Armoury
| image5 = 7629vik Gdańsk, fontanna Neptuna. Foto Barbara Maliszewska.jpg
| alt5 = ''Długi Targ'' (Long Market) and Neptune's Fountain
| caption5 = [[Neptune's Fountain, Gdańsk|Neptune's Fountain]]
| image6 = Museum WWII 2.jpg
| alt6 = World War II Museum
| caption6 = [[Museum of the Second World War|World War II Museum]]
| image7 = Memorial to Defenders - Westerplatte - Gdansk - Poland - 01 (27474123574).jpg
| alt7 = Westerplatte Monument
| caption7 = [[Westerplatte Monument|Westerplatte Monu.]]
}}
| image_shield = POL Gdańsk COA (grand).svg
| motto = ''[[Nec temere, nec timide]]'' <br />(Neither rashly, nor timidly)
| pushpin_map_alt = 
| pushpin_map = Poland
| pushpin_label = 
| pushpin_label_position = right
| coordinates = {{Coord|54|20|51|N|18|38|43|E|region:PL_type:city(750,000)|display=title,inline}}
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name = {{POL}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[Voivodeships of Poland|Voivodeship]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties of Poland|County]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Pomeranian Voivodeship|Pomeranian]]
| subdivision_name2 = ''city county''
| established_title = Established
| established_date = 10th century
| established_title3 = City rights
| established_date3 = 1263
| leader_title = [[List of city mayors of Gdańsk|City mayor]]
| leader_name = [[Aleksandra Dulkiewicz]] [[Independent politician|(Ind.)]]
| governing_body = [[Gdańsk City Council]]
| area_total_km2 = 683
| area_urban_km2 = 414.81
| area_footnotes = <ref>{{cite web|access-date=2023-08-31|date=27 July 2023|title=Największe miasta w Polsce. Warszawa wyprzedzona, jest nowy lider|url=https://tvn24.pl/biznes/z-kraju/gdansk-wyprzedzil-warszawe-najwieksze-miasta-w-polsce-pod-wzgledem-powierzchni-zmiany-w-przepisach-7264170|website=[[TVN24]]}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref><ref>{{cite web|access-date=2023-08-31|date=20 July 2023|title=Powierzchnia i ludność w przekroju terytorialnym w 2023 roku|url=https://stat.gov.pl/obszary-tematyczne/ludnosc/ludnosc/powierzchnia-i-ludnosc-w-przekroju-terytorialnym-w-2023-roku,7,20.html|website=[[Główny Urząd Statystyczny]]}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref>
| population_total = 486,492 ([[List of cities and towns in Poland|6th]])<ref>[https://demografia.stat.gov.pl/BazaDemografia/Tables.aspx] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230201103446/https://demografia.stat.gov.pl/BazaDemografia/Tables.aspx}} (in Polish)</ref>
| population_as_of = 30 June 2023
| population_density_km2 = 1800
| population_urban = 749,786
| population_metro = 1,080,700
| demographics_type2 = GDP
| demographics2_footnotes = <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/met_10r_3gdp/default/table?lang=en|title=Gross domestic product (GDP) at current market prices by metropolitan regions|last=|first=|date=|website=ec.europa.eu|access-date=}}</ref>
| demographics2_title1 = Urban
| demographics2_info1 = €20.529 billion (2020)
| postal_code_type = Postal code
| postal_code = 80-008 to 80–958
| area_code = +48 58
| website = {{URL|https://www.gdansk.pl|gdansk.pl}}
| timezone = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset = +1
| timezone_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset_DST = +2
| blank_name = [[Vehicle registration plates of Poland|Car plates]]
| blank_info = GD
| elevation_max_m = 180
| image_flag = POL Gdańsk flag.svg
| footnotes = {{designation list|embed=yes
| designation1 = Historic Monument of Poland
| designation1_offname = Gdańsk – city within the 17th-century fortifications
| designation1_date = 1994-09-08
| designation1_number = M.P., 1994, vol. 50, No. 415<ref>{{Cite Polish law|title=Zarządzenie Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 8 września 1994 r. w sprawie uznania za pomnik historii.|gazette=Monitor|year=1994|volume=50|number=415}}</ref>}}
}}

'''Gdańsk'''{{Efn|
* Pronunciation:
** English: {{IPAc-en|UK|ɡ|ə|ˈ|d|æ|n|s|k}} {{respell|gə|DANSK}}, {{IPAc-en|US|ɡ|ə|ˈ|d|ɑː|n|s|k}} {{respell|gə|DAHNSK}}<ref>{{cite web |title=the definition of gdansk |url=http://www.dictionary.com/browse/gdansk |website=Dictionary.com}}</ref>
** {{IPA|pl|ˈɡdaj̃sk|audio=LL-Q809 (pol)-Olaf-Gdańsk.wav|lang|small=no}}, {{IPA|pl|ˈɡdaɲsk|label=sometimes|small=no|audio=Pl-Gdańsk.ogg}}.
* Other names:
** {{langx|csb|Gduńsk}}, {{IPA|csb|ɡduɲsk|pron|small=no}}<ref name="Stefan Ramułt 1893">Stefan Ramułt, ''Słownik języka pomorskiego, czyli kaszubskiego'', Kraków 1893, Gdańsk 2003, ISBN 83-87408-64-6.</ref>
** {{langx|de|Danzig}}, {{IPA|de|ˈdantsɪç|pron|small=no|De-Danzig2.ogg}} {{IPA|de|ˈdantsɪk||De-Danzig3.ogg|label=or|small=no}}
** {{langx|la|Gedania}}, {{Langx|la|Gedanium|label=none}} or {{Langx|la|Dantiscum|label=none}}.<ref name="Johann Georg Theodor Grässe 1861, p. 71, 237">Johann Georg Theodor Grässe, ''Orbis latinus oder Verzeichniss der lateinischen Benennungen der bekanntesten Städte etc., Meere, Seen, Berge und Flüsse in allen Theilen der Erde nebst einem deutsch-lateinischen Register derselben''. T. Ein Supplement zu jedem lateinischen und geographischen Wörterbuche. Dresden: G. Schönfeld's Buchhandlung (C. A. Werner), 1861, p. 71, 237.</ref>}} is a city on the [[Baltic Sea|Baltic]] coast of northern [[Poland]], and the capital of the [[Pomeranian Voivodeship]]. With a population of 486,492,<ref name="population">{{cite web |url=https://bdl.stat.gov.pl/BDL/dane/teryt/jednostka |title=Local Data Bank |access-date=18 July 2022 |publisher=Statistics Poland }} Data for territorial unit 2261000.</ref> it is Poland's sixth-largest city and principal [[seaport]].<ref name="lvhmzm">{{cite web |url=http://world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=&men=gcis&lng=en&des=gamelan&geo=-173&srt=npan&col=abcdefghinoq&msz=1500&pt=a&va=&srt=pnan |title=Poland – largest cities (per geographical entity) |publisher=World Gazetteer |access-date=5 May 2009}}{{dead link|date=July 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref><ref name="Johann Georg Theodor Grässe 1861, p. 71, 237"/> Gdańsk lies at the mouth of the [[Motława]] River and is situated at the southern edge of [[Gdańsk Bay]], close to the city of [[Gdynia]] and the [[resort town]] of [[Sopot]]; these form a [[metropolitan area]] called the [[Tricity, Poland|Tricity]] (''Trójmiasto''), with a population of approximately 1.5&nbsp;million.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://gdansk.stat.gov.pl/vademecum/vademecum_pomorskie/portret_obszaru_metropolitalnego/obszar_metropolitalny_gda%C5%84sk-gdynia-sopot.pdf |title=Obszar Metropolitalny Gdańsk-Gdynia-Sopot |access-date=17 April 2021 |archive-date=17 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417124953/https://gdansk.stat.gov.pl/vademecum/vademecum_pomorskie/portret_obszaru_metropolitalnego/obszar_metropolitalny_gda%C5%84sk-gdynia-sopot.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>

The city has a complex history, having had periods of Polish, German and self rule. An important shipbuilding and trade port since the [[Middle Ages]], in 1361 it became a member of the [[Hanseatic League]] which influenced its economic, demographic and [[#Architecture|urban landscape]]. It also served as Poland's principal seaport and largest city in the 15th-17th centuries. With the [[Partitions of Poland]], the city was annexed of [[Kingdom of Prussia|Prussia]] in 1793, and became a part of the [[German Empire]] in [[Unification of Germany|1871]]. In [[Free City of Danzig (Napoleonic)|1807–1814]] and [[Free City of Danzig|1920–1939]] it was a free city. On 1 September 1939 it was the scene of a [[Battle of Westerplatte|military clash]] at [[Westerplatte]], one of the first which initiated [[World War II]]. In the 1980s, Gdańsk was the birthplace of the Polish [[Solidarity (Polish trade union)|Solidarity]] movement, which helped precipitate the collapse of the [[Eastern Bloc]], the [[fall of the Berlin Wall]] and the dissolution of the [[Warsaw Pact]].

Gdańsk is home to the [[University of Gdańsk]], [[Gdańsk University of Technology]], the [[National Museum, Gdańsk|National Museum]], the [[Gdańsk Shakespeare Theatre]], the [[Museum of World War II in Gdańsk|Museum of the Second World War]], the [[Polish Baltic Philharmonic]], the [[Polish Space Agency]] and the [[European Solidarity Centre]]. Among Gdańsk's most notable historical landmarks are the [[Gdańsk Town Hall|Town Hall]], the [[Green Gate]], [[Artus Court]], [[Neptune's Fountain, Gdańsk|Neptune's Fountain]], and [[St. Mary's Church, Gdańsk|St. Mary's Church]], one of the largest brick churches in the world. The city is served by [[Gdańsk Lech Wałęsa Airport]], the country's [[List of airports in Poland|third busiest airport]] and the most important international airport in northern Poland.

Gdańsk is among the most visited cities in Poland, having received 3.4 million tourists according to data collected in 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.gdansk.pl/wiadomosci/Ile-turystow-Gdansk-2019-rok-turystyka-co-zwiedzic-w-gdansku,a,164557 |language=pl |title=Wszystkie Strony Miasta. Rok 2019 rekordowy w gdańskiej turystyce - 3,4 mln gości |website=gdansk.pl |access-date=17 December 2022}}</ref> The city also hosts [[St. Dominic's Fair]], which dates back to 1260,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thefirstnews.com/article/saint-dominics-fair-is-760-years-old-14619 |title=Saint Dominic's Fair is 760 years old! |access-date=5 August 2020 |archive-date=29 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200929035944/https://www.thefirstnews.com/article/saint-dominics-fair-is-760-years-old-14619 |url-status=live }}</ref> and is regarded as one of the biggest trade and cultural events in Europe.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.pap.pl/en/news-/news,621550,millions-at-gdansks-st-dominics-fair.html |website=www.pap.pl |title=Millions at Gdansk's St. Dominic's Fair |date=21 August 2016 |access-date=30 December 2016 <!--Article copied to [https://polska.pl/economy/investments-projects/millions-gdansks-st-dominics-fair/ polska.pl]-->}}</ref> Gdańsk has also topped rankings for the quality of life, safety and living standards worldwide, and its historic city centre has been listed as one of Poland's [[List of Historic Monuments (Poland)|national monuments]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nid.pl/pl/Informacje_ogolne/Zabytki_w_Polsce/Pomniki_historii/Lista_miejsc/ |title=Pomniki historii |date=n.d. |website=nid.pl |publisher=Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa |access-date=11 October 2021 |archive-date=11 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211011072200/https://www.nid.pl/pl/Informacje_ogolne/Zabytki_w_Polsce/Pomniki_historii/Lista_miejsc/ |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.numbeo.com/quality-of-life/rankings.jsp |title=Quality of Life Index by City 2019 Mid-Year |website=www.numbeo.com |access-date=20 September 2019 |archive-date=12 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190612070505/https://www.numbeo.com/quality-of-life/rankings.jsp |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://trojmiasto.wyborcza.pl/trojmiasto/7,35612,24341452,gdansk-najlepiej-ocenionym-polskim-miastem-w-miedzynarodowym.html?disableRedirects=true |title=Wyborcza.pl |website=trojmiasto.wyborcza.pl |access-date=20 September 2019 |archive-date=12 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200312090719/https://trojmiasto.wyborcza.pl/trojmiasto/7,35612,24341452,gdansk-najlepiej-ocenionym-polskim-miastem-w-miedzynarodowym.html?disableRedirects=true |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://en.ug.edu.pl/media/aktualnosci/85193/gdansk_high_quality_life_index |title=Gdańsk high in Quality of Life Index |website=en.ug.edu.pl |access-date=20 September 2019 |archive-date=20 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190920145542/https://en.ug.edu.pl/media/aktualnosci/85193/gdansk_high_quality_life_index |url-status=dead}}</ref>