Editing GenBank (section)

{{short description|DNA sequence database}}
{{infobox biodatabase
| title       = GenBank
| author      =
| center      = [[National Center for Biotechnology Information|NCBI]]
| organism    = All
| released    = {{Start date and age|1982}}
| description = Nucleotide sequences for more than 300,000 organisms with supporting bibliographic and biological annotation.
| scope       = {{ubl|Nucleotide sequence|Protein sequence}}
| url         = [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ NCBI]
| download    = [http://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/ ncbi ftp]
| webservice  = {{ubl | [http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ eutils] | [http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/soap/v2.0/eutils.wsdl soap]}}
| license     = Unclear<ref>The [http://hgdownload.soe.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/hg38/bigZips/ download page] at [[University of California, Santa Cruz|UCSC]] says "[[National Center for Biotechnology Information|NCBI]] places no restrictions on the use or distribution of the GenBank data. However, some submitters may claim [[Biological patent|patent]], copyright, or other intellectual property rights in all or a portion of the data they have submitted. NCBI is not in a position to assess the validity of such claims, and therefore cannot provide comment or unrestricted permission concerning the use, copying, or distribution of the information contained in GenBank."</ref>
| webapp      = [[BLAST (biotechnology)|BLAST]]
| standalone  = BLAST
| format      = {{Plainlist|
* [[XML]]
* [[ASN.1]]
* Genbank format
}}
| pmid        =  21071399
}}
The '''GenBank''' [[sequence database]] is an [[Open access (publishing)|open access]], annotated collection of all publicly available [[nucleotide]] sequences and their [[protein]] translations. It is produced and maintained by the [[National Center for Biotechnology Information]] (NCBI; a part of the [[National Institutes of Health]] in the [[United States]]) as part of the [[International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration]] (INSDC).

In October 2024, GenBank contained 34 trillion base pairs from over 4.7 billion nucleotide sequences and more than 580,000 formally described [[species]].<ref>{{Cite journal |author=Eric W Sayers |author2=Mark Cavanaugh |author3=Karen Clark |author4=Kim D Pruitt |author5=Conrad L Schoch |author6=Stephen T Sherry |author7=Ilene Karsch-Mizrachi |date=7 January 2022 |title=GenBank |journal=Nucleic Acids Archive |volume=50 |issue=D1 |pages=D161–D164 |doi=10.1093/nar/gkab1135 |doi-access=free|pmid=34850943 |pmc=8690257 }}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last1=Sayers |first1=Eric W |last2=Cavanaugh |first2=Mark |last3=Frisse |first3=Linda |last4=Pruitt |first4=Kim D |last5=Schneider |first5=Valerie A |last6=Underwood |first6=Beverly A |last7=Yankie |first7=Linda |last8=Karsch-Mizrachi |first8=Ilene |date=2025-01-06 |title=GenBank 2025 update |url=https://academic.oup.com/nar/article/53/D1/D56/7903376 |journal=Nucleic Acids Research |volume=53 |issue=D1 |pages=D56–D61 |doi=10.1093/nar/gkae1114 |issn=0305-1048 |pmc=11701615 |pmid=39558184}}</ref>

The database started in 1982 by [[Walter Goad]] and [[LANL|Los Alamos National Laboratory]]. GenBank has become an important database for research in biological fields and has grown in recent years at an [[Exponential growth|exponential rate]] by doubling roughly every 18 months.<ref name="pmid18073190">{{cite journal | author=Benson D | title=GenBank | journal=Nucleic Acids Research | year=2008 | volume=36 | issue=Database | pages=D25–D30 | doi=10.1093/nar/gkm929 | pmid=18073190 | pmc=2238942 | last2=Karsch-Mizrachi | first2=I. | last3=Lipman | first3=D. J. | last4=Ostell | first4=J. | last5=Wheeler | first5=D. L. |display-authors=etal}}</ref><ref name="pmid18940867">{{cite journal | author=Benson D | title=GenBank | journal=Nucleic Acids Research | year=2009 | volume=37 | issue=Database | pages=D26–D31 | doi=10.1093/nar/gkn723 | pmid=18940867 | pmc=2686462 | last2=Karsch-Mizrachi | first2=I. | last3=Lipman | first3=D. J. | last4=Ostell | first4=J. | last5=Sayers | first5=E. W. |display-authors=etal}}</ref><ref name=":0" />

GenBank is built by direct submissions from individual laboratories, as well as from bulk submissions from large-scale [[DNA sequencing|sequencing]] centers.