Editing Gender (stream) (section)

{{Infobox river
| name              = Gender
| image             = LocationGender.png
| image_caption     = Location of the Gender in the [[Netherlands|Dutch]] province of [[North Brabant]].
| source1_location  = De Hees hamlet between [[Eersel]] and [[Steensel]] 
| mouth_location    = ''(historical and projected)'' confluence with [[Dommel]] stream east of [[Eindhoven]] city centre; ''(current)'' Engelsbergenvijver [[pond]], Eindhoven
| mouth_coordinates = {{coord|51.4347|5.4630|region:NL|display=it}}
| progression       = {{RDommel}} 
| subdivision_type1 = Country
| subdivision_name1 = [[Netherlands]]
| length_km = 15 
| source1_elevation = {{convert|28|m|ft|abbr=on}}
| mouth_elevation   = {{convert|15|m|ft|abbr=on}}
}}

The '''Gender''' ({{IPA|nl|ˈɣɛndər}}) is a [[stream]] in the [[Netherlands|Dutch]] [[Provinces of the Netherlands|province]] of [[North Brabant]]. It originates in originally [[marsh]]y flatlands near [[Steensel]] and flows through [[Veldhoven]] and its eastern district Meerveldhoven in a general [[east-northeast]] direction towards [[Eindhoven]].<ref name="Laan">{{cite book |editor-last=ter Laan |editor-first=K.|display-editors=etal|title=Van Goor's aardrijkskundig woordenboek van Nederland |year=1942 |publisher=Van Goor Zonen |location=[[The Hague|Den Haag]]|language=Dutch }}</ref><ref>{{Citation | last1 = Schippers | first1 = Hans | contribution = Stadsrechten en een stadswapen, 1232: het vroege Eindhoven | title = De canon van Eindhoven | editor-last = Lintsen | editor-first = Harry| place = 's-Hertogenbosch | publisher= Heinen | pages = 29–34 | year = 2009 | language = Dutch | isbn=9789086801275|display-editors=etal}}</ref>

The Gender is one of many small [[stream]]s that drain what once was the marshy [[heath (habitat)|heath]] and [[moorland]] of eastern North Brabant and the [[Kempen (Dutch/Belgian region)|Kempen]] [[plateau]]. Similar streams include the [[Dommel]], [[Kleine Dommel]], [[Keersop]], [[Tongelreep]], [[Aa River (Meuse)|Aa]], [[Binnendieze]] and [[Run (stream)|Run]]. All of these streams at one point or other merge to finally form River [[Dieze]] in [[Den Bosch]], which in turn flows into River [[Meuse (river)|Maas]].<ref name="Laan" />

Near Eindhoven, the Gender originally flowed just north of the medieval [[city walls]], serving as the north part of the city [[moat]], to end in [[confluence]] with the [[Dommel]] stream.<ref name="Melssen">{{Citation | last1 = Melssen | first1 = Jan | contribution = De geschiedenis van het Heuvelterrein en het gebied ten oosten van de Markt vanaf de zestiende eeuw | title = Sporen onder de Kempische stad. Archeologie, ecologie en vroegste geschiedenis van Eindhoven 1225-1500 | editor-last = Arts | editor-first = Nico | place = Eindhoven | publisher= Museum Kempenland | pages = 129–145 | year = 1994 | language = Dutch | isbn=9072478193}}</ref> As early as the fifteenth century, its course was diverted southward through the city centre, to provide the city with freshwater supplies and fire-extinguishing means. By the 19th century, the stretch within the old city had been filled in and the Gender now ended in De Vest, the city moat, which itself was connected to the Dommel.<ref name="Melssen"/>
[[archaeology|Archaeological]] excavations during the 1980s and 1990s before the construction of a new [[shopping centre]] have brought several branches of the artificial inner-city section of the Gender to light, including a connection to the moat of [[Eindhoven Castle]], which stood just east of the city walls.<ref>{{Citation | last1 = Arts | first1 = Nico | contribution = De opgraving van het Heuvelterrein | title = Sporen onder de Kempische stad. Archeologie, ecologie en vroegste geschiedenis van Eindhoven 1225-1500 | editor-last = Arts | editor-first = Nico | place = Eindhoven | publisher= Museum Kempenland | pages = 158–191 | year = 1994 | language = Dutch | isbn=9072478193}}</ref><ref>{{Citation | last1 = Arts | first1 = Nico | contribution = Archeologie en de geschiedenis van het kasteel | title = Het kasteel van Eindhoven. Archeologie, ecologie en geschiedenis van een heerlijke woning 1420-1676 | editor-last = Arts | editor-first = Nico | place = Eindhoven | publisher= Museum Kempenland | pages = 245–253 | year = 1992 | language = Dutch | isbn=9072478185}}</ref>

20th-century [[Channelization (rivers)|channelisation]] and the emergence of large-scale residential areas in the Gender [[drainage basin|basin]] have seen the last stretch before the city centre cut off. In order to regulate water levels of the Dommel and Gender streams, which occasionally threatened to flood Eindhoven's inner city area, a drainage canal (Afwateringskanaal) was dug in the late 1930s to connect the Dommel to the newly constructed [[Beatrix Canal]] and so dispose of excess water. Into this canal the Gender now discharges. A further downstream section of the Gender between the canal and the Engelsbergen pond remains, but receives little water of the original stream. Two districts of Eindhoven that are situated on its banks were named after the Gender stream: Genderdal ('Gender Dale') and Genderbeemd ('Gender Meadow').<ref name="gemeente">{{cite web|title=Samenwerkingsovereenkomst aanleg De Nieuwe Gender |url=http://www.eindhoven.nl/artikelen/Samenwerkingsovereenkomst-aanleg-De-Nieuwe-Gender.htm |publisher=Gemeente Eindhoven |language=Dutch |year=2005 |accessdate=24 April 2009 }}{{dead link|date=January 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
<gallery>
GenderHeadstream.JPG|Headwaters of the Gender stream just north of Steensel. View is to the west (upstream).
Gender Pegbroekenlaan.jpg|The Gender in the western suburbs of [[Veldhoven]].
GenderVeldhoven.jpg|The Gender as it passes under a bridge in the old village centre of Veldhoven proper. View is to the west (upstream).
</gallery>