Editing Guinea (section)

{{Short description|Country in West Africa}}
{{Distinguish|French Guiana|Guinea-Bissau|Equatorial Guinea|New Guinea}}
{{Pp-move}}
{{For-multi|the region|Guinea (region)|other uses|Guinea (disambiguation)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}}
{{Use British English|date=September 2019}}
{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Republic of Guinea
| common_name            = Guinea
| native_name            = {{native name|fr|République de Guinée}}<br>{{native name|fuf|𞤖𞤢𞤱𞤼𞤢𞥄𞤲𞤣𞤭 𞤘𞤭𞤲𞤫}}<!--<br>({{transl|fuf|hawtaandi Gine}})--><br>{{native name|emk|ߖߌ߬ߣߍ߫ ߞߊ ߝߊߛߏߖߊߡߊߣߊ}}
| image_flag             = Flag of Guinea.svg
| alt_flag               = [[Flag of Guinea|Flag]]
| image_coat             = Coat of Arms of Guinea.svg
| symbol_type            = [[Coat of arms of Guinea|Coat of arms]]
| national_motto         = {{native phrase|fr|"Travail, Justice, Solidarité"|italics=off}}
| englishmotto           = Work, Justice, Solidarity
| national_anthem        = {{native name|fr|[[Liberté (anthem)|Liberté]]}}<br />"Freedom"{{parabr}}{{center|[[File:National Anthem of Guinea by US Navy Band.ogg]]}}
| image_map              = {{Switcher|[[File:Guinea (orthographic projection).svg|frameless]]|Show globe|[[File:Location Guinea AU Africa.svg|upright=1.15|frameless]]|Show map of Africa|default=1}}
| map_caption            = 
| image_map2             = 
| map_caption2           = 
| capital                = [[Conakry]]
| coordinates            = {{Coord|9|31|N|13|42|W|type:city}}
| largest_city           = Conakry
| official_languages     = [[French language|French]]
| ethnic_groups          = {{unbulleted list
 | 33.4% [[Fula people|Fula]]
 | 29.4% [[Mandinka people|Mandinka]]
 | 21.2% [[Susu people|Susu]]
 | 7.8% [[Kpelle people|Kpelle]]
 | 6.2% [[Kissi people|Kissi]]
 | 1.6% [[Loma people|Loma]]
 | 0.4% others
 }}
| ethnic_groups_year     = 2018 est.<ref name="CIA Factbook1">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/guinea/|title=The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency |publisher=Cia.gov |access-date=24 March 2025 }}</ref>
| religion               = 
| religion_ref           = <ref>{{Cite web |title=Guinea |date=2022-03-02 |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/guinea/#people-and-society |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |language=en |access-date=2022-03-05}}</ref>
| demonym                = Guinean
| government_type        = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[presidential system|presidential]] [[republic]] under a [[military junta]]
| leader_title1          = [[List of presidents of Guinea|Interim President]] and [[National Committee of Reconciliation and Development|CNRD Chairman]]
| leader_name1           = [[Mamady Doumbouya]]
| leader_title2          = [[List of prime ministers of Guinea|Prime Minister]]
| leader_name2           = [[Bah Oury]]
| leader_title3          = [[National Assembly (Guinea)|Speaker of Parliament]]
| leader_name3           = <!--Currently vacant--->
| leader_title4          = {{ill|Supreme Court of Guinea|lt=Supreme Court|fr|Cour suprême (Guinée)}}
| leader_name4           = <!--Currently vacant--->
| legislature            = [[National Council of the Transition]]<ref>[[National Assembly (Guinea)|National Assembly]] is currently suspended in the wake of the [[2021 Guinean coup d'état]].</ref>
| sovereignty_note       = 
| sovereignty_type       = Independence from [[France]]
| established_event1     = [[French Guinea|Colony established]]
| established_date1      = 17 December 1891
| established_event2     = Sovereign state
| established_date2      = 2 October 1958
| established_event3     = Second Republic
| established_date3      = 3 April 1984
| established_event4     = [[2021 Guinean coup d'état|Coup d'état]]
| established_date4      = 5 September 2021
| established_event5     = 
| established_date5      = 
| area_km2               = 245,857
| area_rank              = 77th <!-- Area rank should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]]-->
| area_sq_mi             = 94,926 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
| percent_water          = negligible
| population_estimate    = 13,986,179<ref>{{Cite CIA World Factbook|country=Guinea|access-date=22 June 2023|year=2023}}</ref>
| population_estimate_year = 2024
| population_estimate_rank = 75th
| population_density_km2 = 40.9
| population_density_sq_mi = 106.1 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
| GDP_PPP                = {{increase}} $48.750 billion<ref name="IMFWEO.GN">{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=656,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2020&ey=2028&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1 |title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (Guinea) |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |website=IMF.org |date=10 October 2023 |access-date=15 October 2023}}</ref>
| GDP_PPP_rank           = 142nd
| GDP_PPP_year           = 2023
| GDP_PPP_per_capita     = {{increase}} $3,241<ref name="IMFWEO.GN" />
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 166th
| GDP_nominal            = {{increase }} $23.205 billion<ref name="IMFWEO.GN" />
| GDP_nominal_rank       = 140th
| GDP_nominal_year       = 2023
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{increase}} $1,542<ref name="IMFWEO.GN" />
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 161st
| Gini                   = 33.7 <!--number only-->
| Gini_year              = 2012
| Gini_change            = <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| Gini_ref               = <ref>{{cite web |url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI?end=2014&locations=GN&start=1990 |title=GINI index (World Bank estimate) |publisher=World Bank |access-date=10 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190110133707/https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI?end=2014&locations=GN&start=1990 |archive-date=10 January 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>
| Gini_rank              = 
| HDI                    = 0.500 <!--number only-->
| HDI_year               = 2023<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year-->
| HDI_change             = increase<!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| HDI_ref                = <ref name="HDI">{{cite web|url=https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2021-22pdf_1.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220908052326/https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2021-22pdf_1.pdf |archive-date=2022-09-08 |url-status=live|title=Human Development Report 2021/2022|language=en|publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme]]|date=8 September 2022|access-date=30 September 2022}}</ref>
| HDI_rank               = 181st
| currency               = [[Guinean franc]]
| currency_code          = GNF
| utc_offset             = {{sp}}
| time_zone              = [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]] ± 00:00
| date_format            = dd/mm/yyyy
| drives_on              = right
| calling_code           = [[+224]]
| iso3166code            = GN
| cctld                  = [[.gn]]
| religion_year          = 2014
| population_density_rank = 164th
| today                  = 
}}

'''Guinea'''{{efn|{{IPAc-en|audio=En-us-Guinea.ogg|ˈ|ɡ|ɪ|n|i}} {{respell|GHIN|ee}}, {{langx|fr|Guinée}}, {{langx|fuf|𞤘𞤭𞤲𞤫|italic=no|Gine}}, {{langx|wo|Gine}}, {{langx|nqo|ߖߌ߬ߣߍ߫}}, {{langx|bm|Gine}}}}, officially the '''Republic of Guinea'''{{efn|{{langx|fr|République de Guinée}}}}, is a coastal country in [[West Africa]]. It borders the [[Atlantic Ocean]] to the west, [[Guinea-Bissau]] to the northwest, [[Senegal]] to the north, [[Mali]] to the northeast, [[Côte d'Ivoire]] to the southeast, and [[Sierra Leone]] and [[Liberia]] to the south. It is sometimes referred to as '''Guinea-Conakry''', after its capital [[Conakry]], to distinguish it from other territories in the [[Guinea (region)|eponymous region]], such as [[Guinea-Bissau]] and [[Equatorial Guinea]].<ref name="uiowa1">{{cite web |url=http://www.uiowa.edu/~africart/toc/countries/Guinea-Conakry.html |title=Guinea-Conakry |access-date=11 February 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090205044119/http://www.uiowa.edu/~africart/toc/countries/Guinea-Conakry.html |archive-date=5 February 2009 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.musicvideos.the-real-africa.com/guinea/ |title=Music Videos of Guinea Conakry |access-date=12 April 2018 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070221053336/http://www.musicvideos.the-real-africa.com/guinea/ |archive-date=21 February 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://netministries.org/see/churches/ch00472 |title=The Anglican Diocese of Ghana |website=Netministries.org |access-date=23 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090107033350/http://netministries.org/see/churches/ch00472 |archive-date=7 January 2009 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{cite web |url=http://www.cfi.fr/partenaires_en.php3?id_rubrique=24&id_article=473 |title=CFI – Africa – Guinea Conakry |access-date=11 February 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511084226/http://www.cfi.fr/partenaires_en.php3?id_rubrique=24&id_article=473 |archive-date=11 May 2011 }}</ref> Guinea has a population of 14 million and an area of {{convert|245857|km2|sqmi|0}}.<ref name="guinea_stats">{{cite web|title=Nations Online: Guinea – Republic of Guinea – West Africa|url=http://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/guinea.htm|publisher=Nations Online|access-date=25 August 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030503155420/http://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/guinea.htm|archive-date=3 May 2003}}</ref>

Formerly [[French Guinea]], it achieved independence in 1958.<ref>[https://www.dw.com/en/west-africa-economic-bloc-suspends-guinea-after-military-coup/a-59127739 West Africa economic bloc suspends Guinea after military coup], [[Deutsche Welle]] (8 September 2021).</ref> Guinea has a history of military [[coup d'état|coups d'état]].<ref name=Bariyo>Nicholas Bariyo & Benoit Faucon, [https://www.wsj.com/articles/military-faction-stages-coup-in-mineral-rich-guinea-11630866469 Military Faction Stages Coup in Mineral-Rich Guinea], ''Wall Street Journal'' (5 September 2021).</ref><ref name=Larson>Krista Larson, [https://apnews.com/article/africa-elections-senegal-west-africa-term-limits-4c595d69cbfd95d173b7ef1a6da0d5f8 EXPLAINER: Why is history repeating itself in Guinea's coup?], Associated Press (7 September 2021).</ref><ref name=Paquett>Danielle Paquett, [https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/2021/09/06/guinea-coup-explained/ Here's what we know about the unfolding coup in Guinea], ''Washington Post'' (6 September 2021).</ref> After decades of authoritarian rule, it held its first [[Democracy|democratic]] [[Elections in Guinea|election]] in 2010.<ref name=Paquett/><ref>Abdourahmane Diallo and Adam Nossiter, [https://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/08/world/africa/08guinea.html Guinea Votes in Its First Democratic Presidential Election], ''New York Times'' (7 November 2010).</ref><ref name=FH2010>[https://freedomhouse.org/country/guinea/freedom-world/2021 Guinea], ''Freedom in the World'', [[Freedom House]], 2021.</ref> As it continued to hold multi-party elections, the country still faces ethnic conflicts, corruption, and abuses by the military and police.<ref name=FH2010/><ref>Saliou Samb, [https://www.reuters.com/article/guinea-politics/guinea-president-conde-vows-to-tackle-corruption-during-third-term-idUSKBN28P27F Guinea President Conde vows to tackle corruption during third term], Reuters (15 December 2020).</ref> In 2011, the United States government claimed that torture by security forces and abuse of women and children (including [[female genital mutilation]]) were ongoing human rights issues.<ref name='State 2011'>{{cite web | url = https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/humanrightsreport/index.htm?dlid=186203 | title = Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2011: Guinea | access-date = 27 August 2012 | author = Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor | year = 2012 | publisher = [[United States Department of State]] | df = dmy-all | author-link = Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor }}</ref> In 2021, a [[2021 Guinean coup d'état|military faction overthrew president Alpha Condé]] and suspended the constitution.<ref name=Bariyo/><ref name=Larson/><ref name=Paquett/>

Muslims represent 90% of the population.<ref name="uiowa1"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.visualgeography.com/categories/guinea/religion.html |title=Religion in Guinea |publisher=Visual Geography |access-date=23 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130914140804/http://www.visualgeography.com/categories/guinea/religion.html |archive-date=14 September 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ecobank.com/countryinfo.aspx?cid=74049 |title=The Pan African Bank |publisher=Ecobank |access-date=23 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120319131431/http://www.ecobank.com/countryinfo.aspx?cid=74049 |archive-date=19 March 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref> The country is divided into four geographic regions: [[Maritime Guinea]] on the Atlantic coast, the [[Fouta Djallon]] or Middle Guinea highlands, the [[Upper Guinea]] savanna region in the northeast, and the [[Guinée forestière]] region of tropical forests. French, the official language of Guinea, is the language of communication in schools, government administration, and the media. More than 24 indigenous languages are spoken, and the largest are [[Susu language|Susu]], [[Pular language|Pular]], and [[Maninka language|Maninka]], which dominate respectively in Maritime Guinea, Fouta Djallon, and Upper Guinea, while Guinée forestière is ethnolinguistically diverse. Guinea's economy is mostly dependent on agriculture and mineral production.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.africa-import-export.gm/import-export/guinea-conakry.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101105124833/http://www.africa-import-export.gm/import-export/guinea-conakry.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=5 November 2010|title=Guinea Conakry: Major Imports, Exports, Industries & Business Opportunities in Guinea Conakry, Africa|access-date=15 October 2014}}</ref> It is the world's second-largest producer of [[bauxite]] and has deposits of diamonds and gold.<ref name="guineaconakrysupport.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.guineaconakrysupport.com/?lang=en|title=Guinea Conakry Support – Guinee Conakry Trade and Support. (GCTS)|access-date=15 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150105021335/http://www.guineaconakrysupport.com/?lang=en|archive-date=5 January 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> As of the most recent survey in 2018, 66.2% of the population is affected by [[Multidimensional Poverty Index|multidimensional poverty]], and an additional 16.4% are vulnerable to it.<ref name=":12">{{Cite web |date=2023 |title=Multidimensional Poverty Index 2023 Guinea |url=https://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/Country-Profiles/MPI/GIN.pdf |access-date=29 July 2024 |website=United Nations Development Programme Human Development Reports}}</ref>