Editing Gustaf V (section)

{{short description|King of Sweden from 1907 to 1950}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2021}}
{{Infobox royalty
| name            = Gustaf V
| succession      = [[King of Sweden]]
| image           = Gustaf V av Sverige.jpg
| caption         = Gustaf V in 1938
| alt             = 
| reign           = 8 December 1907 – {{nowrap|29 October 1950}}
| full name       = Oscar Gustaf Adolf
| predecessor     = [[Oscar II]]
| successor       = [[Gustaf VI Adolf]]
| reg-type        = {{nowrap|[[Prime Minister of Sweden|Prime ministers]]}}
| regent          = {{list collapsed|title=''{{nobold|See list}}''|[[Arvid Lindman]]|[[Karl Staaff]]|[[Hjalmar Hammarskjöld]]|[[Carl Swartz]]|[[Nils Edén]]|[[Hjalmar Branting]]|[[Gerhard Louis De Geer]]|[[Oscar von Sydow]]|[[Ernst Trygger]]|[[Rickard Sandler]]|[[Carl Gustaf Ekman]]|Arvid Lindman|[[Felix Hamrin]]|[[Per Albin Hansson]]|[[Axel Pehrsson-Bramstorp]]|[[Tage Erlander]]}}
| spouse          = {{marriage|[[Victoria of Baden]]|1881|4 April 1930|end=d.}}
| issue           = {{plainlist|
*[[Gustaf VI Adolf]]
*[[Prince Wilhelm, Duke of Södermanland]]
*[[Prince Erik, Duke of Västmanland]]
}}
| royal house     = [[House of Bernadotte|Bernadotte]]
| father          = [[Oscar II]]
| mother          = [[Sophia of Nassau]]
| birth_date      = {{birth date|1858|6|16|df=y}}
| birth_place     = [[Drottningholm Palace]], Stockholm, Sweden
| death_date      = {{death date and age|1950|10|29|1858|6|16|df=yes}}
| death_place     = Drottningholm Palace, Stockholm, Sweden
| date of burial  = 9 November 1950
| place of burial = [[Riddarholmen Church]]
| religion        = [[Church of Sweden]]
| signature       = Gustaf V signature.svg
}}

'''Gustaf V''' (Oscar Gustaf Adolf; 16 June 1858 – 29 October 1950) was [[List of Swedish monarchs|King of Sweden]] from 8 December 1907 until his death in 1950. He was the eldest son of King [[Oscar II of Sweden]] and [[Sophia of Nassau]], a half-sister of [[Adolphe, Grand Duke of Luxembourg]]. Reigning from the death of his father Oscar II in 1907 to his own death nearly 43 years later, he holds the record of being the oldest monarch of Sweden with the third-longest reign after [[Magnus IV of Sweden|Magnus IV]] (1319–1364) and his own great-grandson, [[Carl XVI Gustaf]] (1973–present). He was also the last Swedish monarch to exercise his royal prerogatives, which largely died with him, although they were formally abolished only with the [[Instrument of Government (1974)|remaking of the Swedish constitution in 1974]]. He was the first Swedish king since the [[High Middle Ages]] not to have a [[coronation]] and so never wore the king's crown, a practice that has continued ever since.

Gustaf's early reign saw the rise of [[parliamentary democracy|parliamentary rule]] in Sweden although the leadup to [[World War I]] induced [[Courtyard Crisis|his dismissal]] of Liberal Prime Minister [[Karl Staaff]] in 1914, replacing him with his own figurehead, [[Hjalmar Hammarskjöld]], the father of [[Dag Hammarskjöld]], for most of the war. However, after the [[Free-minded National Association|Liberals]] and [[Social Democrats (Sweden)|Social Democrats]] secured a parliamentary majority under Staaff's successor, [[Nils Edén]], he allowed Edén to form a new government which ''de facto'' stripped the monarchy of virtually all powers and enacted [[Universal suffrage|universal and equal suffrage]], including for women, by 1919. Bowing to the principles of parliamentary democracy, he remained a popular figurehead for the remaining 31 years of his rule, although not completely without influence. Gustaf V had pro-German and anti-Communist stances which were outwardly expressed during [[World War I]] and the [[Russian Civil War]]. During [[World War II]], he allegedly urged [[Per Albin Hansson]]'s coalition government to accept requests from [[Nazi Germany]] for logistics support, arguing that refusing might provoke an invasion. His intervention remains controversial.

An avid hunter and sportsman, Gustaf presided over the [[1912 Olympic Games]] and chaired the Swedish Association of Sports from 1897 to 1907. Most notably, he represented Sweden (under the alias of ''Mr G.'') as a competitive tennis player, keeping up competitive tennis until his eighties, when his eyesight deteriorated rapidly.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ne.se/lang/gustaf-v |title=Gustaf V |website=NE Nationalencyklopedin AB |language=sv|access-date=26 April 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ne.se/lang/haijbyaff%C3%A4ren |title=Haijbyaffären |website=NE Nationalencyklopedin AB |language=sv |access-date=26 April 2021}}</ref> He was succeeded by his son, [[Gustaf VI Adolf]].