Editing Hacker ethic (section)

{{short description|Common moral values of hacker culture}}
{{Hatnote|For the book, see ''[[The Hacker Ethic and the Spirit of the Information Age]]''. For uses in computer security hacking, see [[Hacker (computer security)]], [[Hacker Manifesto]], and [[White hat (computer security)]]}}
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The '''hacker ethic''' is a [[philosophy]] and set of moral values within [[hacker culture]]. Practitioners believe that sharing information and data with others is an ethical imperative.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.catb.org/jargon/html/H/hacker-ethic.html|title=hacker ethic|website=www.catb.org|access-date=28 February 2017}}</ref> The hacker ethic is related to the concept of [[freedom of information]], as well as the political theories of [[anti-authoritarianism]], [[anarchism]], and [[libertarianism]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Coleman|first1=E. Gabriella|last2=Golub|first2=Alex|date=1 September 2008|title=Hacker practice|journal=Anthropological Theory|volume=8|issue=3|pages=255–277|doi=10.1177/1463499608093814|s2cid=145423454|url=https://semanticscholar.org/paper/f293c6cf1667f14003390ba54307f1dcb31156cf}}</ref><ref>THE “ANONYMOUS” MOVEMENT: HACKTIVISM AS AN EMERGING FORM OF POLITICAL PARTICIPATION. Galina Mikhaylova, M.S. A thesis submitted to the Graduate Council of Texas State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts with a Major in Sociology December 2014.</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=http://www.catb.org/~esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/afterword/|last=Raymond|first=Eric S.|chapter=Afterword|title=The Cathedral and the Bazaar|access-date=25 July 2020|quote=Yes, the success of open source does call into some question the utility of command-and-control systems, of secrecy, of centralization, and of certain kinds of intellectual property.  It would be almost disingenuous not to admit that it suggests (or at least harmonizes well with) a broadly libertarian view of the proper relationship between individuals and institutions.}}</ref>

While some tenets of the hacker ethic were described in other texts like ''[[Computer Lib/Dream Machines]]'' (1974) by [[Ted Nelson]], the term ''hacker ethic'' is generally attributed to journalist [[Steven Levy]], who appears to have been the first to document both the philosophy and the founders of the [[philosophy]] in his 1984 book titled ''[[Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution]].''