Editing Hand formula (section)

{{Use American English|date = April 2019}}
{{Short description|United States legal term}}
{{Other uses|Negligence (disambiguation)}}
{{Redirect|Hand rule|the physics mnemonic devices|right hand rule|and|left hand rule}}

{{Tort law}}
In the [[United States]], the '''Hand formula''', also known as the '''Hand rule''', '''calculus of negligence''', or '''BPL formula''', is a conceptual formula created by Judge [[Learned Hand]] which describes a process for determining whether a legal [[duty of care]] has been breached (see [[negligence]]).  The original description of the calculus was in ''[[United States v. Carroll Towing Co.]]'',<ref>''[[U.S. v. Carroll Towing]]'', 159 F.2d 169 ([[2d Cir.]] 1947).</ref> in which an improperly secured [[barge]] had drifted away from a [[pier]] and caused damage to several other boats.