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Holy orders
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{{Short description|Sacraments in some Christian churches}} [[File:Vicente Carducho, "Ordenación y primera misa de san Juan de Mata".jpg|thumb|Ordination of [[John of Matha]]]] In certain [[Christian denomination]]s, '''holy orders''' are the [[ordination|ordained]] ministries of [[bishop]], [[priest]] ([[presbyter]]), and [[deacon]], and the [[sacrament]] or rite by which candidates are ordained to those orders. Churches recognizing these orders include the [[Catholic Church]], the [[Eastern Orthodoxy|Eastern Orthodox]] (ιερωσύνη [''hierōsynē''], ιεράτευμα [''hierateuma''], Священство [''Svyashchenstvo'']), [[Oriental Orthodoxy|Oriental Orthodox]], [[Anglican]], [[Assyrian Church of the East|Assyrian]], [[Old Catholic]], [[Independent Catholic churches|Independent Catholic]] and some [[Lutheran]] churches.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/holy-order|title=Holy order {{!}} Christianity|work=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=2018-09-29|language=en}}</ref> Except for some Lutherans and some Anglicans, these churches regard ordination as a sacrament (the ''sacramentum ordinis'').<ref name="Becker2024">{{cite book |last1=Becker |first1=Matthew L. |title=Fundamental Theology: A Protestant Perspective |date=25 January 2024 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=978-0-567-70572-3 |language=en |quote=Confessional Lutherans also recognize absolution and holy orders (ordained pastoral ministry) as additional sacraments, and some will acknowledge that the anointing of the sick with oil has a sacramental character.}}</ref> [[Christian denomination|Denominations]] have varied conceptions of holy orders. In some Lutheran and Anglican churches the traditional orders of bishop, priest and deacon are bestowed using ordination rites contained within [[ordinal (liturgy)|ordinals]]. The extent to which ordination is considered sacramental in these traditions has, however, been a matter of some internal dispute. Baptists are among the denominations that do not consider [[Minister of religion|ministry]] as being sacramental in nature<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bpnews.net/20599/how-do-catholics-and-baptists-differ|title=How do Catholics & Baptists differ?|last=Weeks|first=Lee|website=www.bpnews.net|date=18 April 2005 |language=en|access-date=2018-10-16}}</ref> and would not think of it in terms of "holy orders" as such. Historically, the word "order" (Latin ''[[:wikt:ordo|ordo]]'') designated an established civil body or corporation with a hierarchy, and ''[[:wikt:ordinatio|ordinatio]]'' meant legal incorporation into an ''ordo''. The word "holy" refers to the church. In context, therefore, a holy order is set apart for ministry in the church. Other positions, such as [[pope]], [[patriarch]], [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|cardinal]], [[monsignor]], [[archbishop]], [[archimandrite]], [[archpriest]], [[protopresbyter]], [[hieromonk]], [[protodeacon]] and [[archdeacon]], are not sacramental orders but specialized ministries.
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