Editing Horemheb (section)

{{Short description|Final Pharaoh of the 18th dynasty of Egypt}}
{{Infobox pharaoh
| name           = Horemheb
| alt_name       = Horemhab, Haremhab, Haremheb
| image          = StatueOfHoremhebAndTheGodHorus-DetailOfHoremheb01 KunsthistorischesMuseum Nov13-10.jpg
| ImageSize      = 200
| image_alt      =
| caption        = Detail of a statue of Horemheb, at the [[Kunsthistorisches Museum]], Vienna
| role           =
| reign          = 27 regnal years (disputed)<br>1319–1292 BC (low chr.)
| dynasty        = [[Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt|18th&nbsp;Dynasty]]
| coregency      =
| predecessor    = [[Ay (pharaoh)|Ay]]
| successor      = [[Ramesses I]]
| notes          =
| prenomen       = Djeserkheperure Setepenre <br />''Ḏsr-ḫprw-Rˁ-stp-n-Rˁ''<br>''Holy are the manifestations of [[Ra]], the chosen one of Ra''<br><hiero>M23:t-L2:t-<-ra:Dsr-xpr:Z2-ra-stp:n-></hiero>
| prenomen_hiero =
| nomen          = Horemheb Meryamun<br>''Ḥr-m-ḥb-mrj-Jmn''<br>''[[Horus]] is in jubilation, beloved of [[Amun]]''
| nomen_hiero    = <hiero>M17-Y5:N35-U6-G5-S3-Aa15:W3</hiero>
| horus          = Kanakht Sepedkheru <br> ''K3-nḫt-Spd-ḫrw''<br />''Strong bull, whose plans are effective''
| horus_hiero    = <hiero>E2:D40-M44-G43-G13-S29-P8-Z7</hiero>
| horus_prefix   = <!-- Default is <hiero>G5</hiero> -->
| nebty          = Werbiawet-em-Ipetsut <br>''Wr-bj3wt-m-Jptswt'' <br />''He who is great of miracles in [[Karnak|Ipetsut]]''
| nebty_hiero    = <hiero>G36:D21-U16:X1*Z2-G17-M17-Q3:X1-Q1-Q1-Q1</hiero>
| golden         = Heruhermaat Sekhepertawy <br />''Ḥrw-ḥr-m3ˁ.t-sḫpr-t3wj'' <br />''He who is satisfied with the [[Maat]], he who makes the two lands come to existence''
| golden_hiero   = <hiero>O4:D21-Y1:D2*Z1-C10-S29-L1-N17:N17</hiero>
| spouse         = [[Amenia (wife of Horemheb)|Amenia]], [[Mutnedjmet]]
| children       = Possibly [[Tanedjemet|Tanodjmy]]
| father         =
| mother         =
| birth_date     =
| death_date     = 1292&nbsp;BC
| burial         = [[KV57]]
| monuments      = [[Tomb of Horemheb in Saqqara|Memphite Tomb]] <br/> [[Temple of Ay and Horemheb]]
}}
'''Horemheb''', also spelled '''Horemhab''', '''Haremheb''' or '''Haremhab''' ({{langx|egy|ḥr-m-ḥb}}, meaning "[[Horus]] is in Jubilation"),<ref name="Ranke 1935 248">{{cite book |last1=Ranke |first1=Hermann |title=Die Ägyptischen Personennamen, Bd. 1: Verzeichnis der Namen |date=1935 |publisher=J.J. Augustin |location=Glückstadt |url=http://gizamedia.rc.fas.harvard.edu/images/MFA-images/Giza/GizaImage/full/library/ranke_personennamen_1.pdf |access-date=24 July 2020 |page=248 |archive-date=17 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220317212335/http://gizamedia.rc.fas.harvard.edu/images/MFA-images/Giza/GizaImage/full/library/ranke_personennamen_1.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> was the last [[pharaoh]] of the [[Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt|18th&nbsp;Dynasty of Egypt]] (1550–1292 BC).<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Strudwick|first=Helen|title=The Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt|publisher=Sterling Publishing Co., Inc.|year=2006|isbn=978-1-4351-4654-9|location=New York|pages=82–83}}</ref> He ruled for at least 14&nbsp;years between 1319&nbsp;BC and 1292&nbsp;BC.<ref>{{cite book |editor-first1=Erik |editor-last1=Hornung |editor-first2=Rolf |editor-last2=Krauss |editor-first3=David |editor-last3=Warburton |title=Ancient Egyptian Chronology |url=https://archive.org/details/ancientegyptianc00horn_842 |url-access=limited |series=Handbook of Oriental Studies |publisher=Brill |year=2006 |page=[https://archive.org/details/ancientegyptianc00horn_842/page/n505 493] |chapter=Chronology table|isbn=9789004113855 }}</ref> He had no relation to the preceding royal family other than by marriage to [[Mutnedjmet]], who is thought (though disputed) to have been the daughter of his predecessor, [[Ay (pharaoh)|Ay]]; he is believed to have been of common birth.

Before he became pharaoh Horemheb was the [[commander-in-chief]] of the [[Military of ancient Egypt|army]] under the reigns of [[Tutankhamun]] and [[Ay (pharaoh)|Ay]]. After his accession to the throne, he reformed the Egyptian state and it was during his reign that official action against the preceding [[Amarna]] rulers began, which is why he is considered the ruler who restabilized his country after the troublesome and divisive [[Amarna Period]].

Horemheb demolished monuments of [[Akhenaten]], reusing the rubble in his own building projects, and usurped monuments of Tutankhamun and Ay. Horemheb presumably had no surviving sons, as he appointed as his successor his [[Vizier (Ancient Egypt)|vizier]] Paramessu, who would assume the throne as [[Ramesses I]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.carlos.emory.edu/RAMESSES/1_introduction.html |title=Ramesses |publisher=carlos.emory.edu |access-date=2015-08-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170628000129/http://www.carlos.emory.edu/RAMESSES/1_introduction.html |archive-date=2017-06-28 |df=dmy-all |url-status=dead}}</ref>