Editing Incheon (section)

{{Short description|City in South Korea}}
{{About|the city|the airport|Incheon International Airport|other uses}}
{{Distinguish|Icheon}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{Tone|date=August 2014}}
{{More citations needed|date=November 2015}}
{{Travel guide|date=January 2022}}
}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2021}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name               = Incheon
| official_name      = Incheon Metropolitan City<br/>{{lower|0.1em|{{nobold|{{lang|ko|인천광역시}}}}}}<br/>{{lower|0.1em|{{nobold|{{lang|ko|仁川廣域市}}}}}}
| native_name        = 인천<br/>仁川
| settlement_type    = [[Special cities of South Korea|Metropolitan city]]
| translit_lang1     = Korean name
| translit_lang1_type = [[Hangul]]
| translit_lang1_info = {{lang|ko|인천광역시}}
| translit_lang1_type1 = [[Hanja]]
| translit_lang1_info1 = {{lang|ko|仁川廣域市}}
| translit_lang1_type2 = {{nowrap|[[Revised&nbsp;Romanization]]}}
| translit_lang1_info2 = {{nowrap|Incheon Gwangyeoksi}}
| translit_lang1_type3 = {{nowrap|[[McCune–Reischauer]]}}
| translit_lang1_info3 = {{nowrap|Inch'ŏn Kwangyŏksi}}
| image_skyline      = {{multiple image
  | total_width            = 280
  | border                 = infobox
  | perrow                 = 1/2/1/2
  | caption_align          = center
| image1 = Songdo Central Park and Posco Tower Songdo.jpg
| caption1 = [[Songdo International Business District]]
| image2 = Ganghwado Jeondeungsa Temple 20200718 039.jpg
| caption2 = [[Jeondeungsa]]
| image3 = Jayu Park 20230430 024.jpg
| caption3 = [[Jayu Park|Freedom Park]]
| image4 = Icheon bridge.jpg
| caption4 =  [[Incheon Bridge]]
| image5 = Incheon Airport Train Terminal, Korea.jpg
| caption5 = [[Incheon International Airport]]
| image6 = Incheon Soccer Stadium 2.JPG{{!}}Incheon Soccer Stadium
| caption6 = [[Incheon Football Stadium]]
}}
| image_flag         = Flag of Incheon.svg
| image_blank_emblem = Emblem of Incheon.svg
| blank_emblem_type  = Emblem of Incheon
| blank_emblem_size  = 
| nickname           = 
| motto              = 
| image_map          = Incheon in South Korea 2023.svg
| map_caption        = 
| pushpin_map        = #South Korea#Asia
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_mapsize    = 
| pushpin_map_caption = 
| coordinates        = {{Coord|37|29|N|126|38|E|region:KR-28_type:adm1st|display=it}}
| subdivision_type   = Country
| subdivision_name   = South Korea
| subdivision_type1  = [[Regions of Korea|Region]]
| subdivision_name1  = [[Seoul Metropolitan Area|Seoul Metropolitan]]
| established_title  = 
| established_date   = 18 BC; as Michuhol<br />1995 AD; as Incheon Metropolitan City
| founder            = 
| named_for          = 
| seat_type          = 
| seat               = 
| parts_type         = [[#Administrative divisions|Subdivisions]]
| parts_style        = 
| parts              = <!-- parts text, or header for parts list -->
| p1                 = '''8 districts ("gu")'''
| government_footnotes = 
| government_type    = [[Mayor–council government|Mayor-Council]]
| leader_title       = [[Mayor of Incheon|Mayor]]
| leader_name        = [[Yoo Jeong-bok]] {{small|([[People Power Party (South Korea)|People Power]])}}
| leader_title1      = Body
| leader_name1       = [[Incheon Metropolitan Council]]
| total_type         = <!-- to set a non-standard label for total area and population rows -->
| unit_pref          = <!--Enter: Imperial, to display imperial before metric-->
| area_footnotes     = 
| area_magnitude     = <!-- use only to set a special wikilink -->
| area_total_km2     = 1062.63 <!-- ALL fields with measurements are subject to automatic unit conversion-->
| area_total_sq_mi   = >
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m        = 
| elevation_ft       = 
| elevation_min_m    = 
| elevation_min_ft   = 
| population_total   = 3,016,250
| population_as_of   = September 2024
| population_footnotes = <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mois.go.kr/frt/sub/a05/totStat/screen.do |script-title=ko:연령별 인구현황 |trans-title=Population by Age |work=[[Ministry of the Interior and Safety (South Korea)|Ministry of the Interior and Safety]] |access-date=20 October 2018 |archive-date=20 April 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180420175139/http://www.mois.go.kr/frt/sub/a05/totStat/screen.do |url-status=live }}</ref>
| population_density_km2 = auto <!--For automatic calculation, any density field may contain: auto -->
| population_density_sq_mi = <!-- General information ------>
| population_note    = 
| postal_code_type   = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... -->
| postal_code        = 
| website            = {{URL|1=https://www.incheon.go.kr/en/index|2=Official website (English)}}
| area_code          = +82-31
| iso_code           = KR-28
| footnotes          = <!-- images and maps ------>
| p5                 = {{nowrap|[[Jung District, Incheon|Jung District]]}}
| p6                 = {{nowrap|[[Michuhol District]]}}
| p7                 = {{nowrap|[[Namdong District]]}}
| p8                 = {{nowrap|[[Seo District, Incheon|Seo District]]}}
| p9                 = {{nowrap|[[Yeonsu District]]}}
| p10                = &nbsp;
| p11                = '''2 counties ("gun")'''
| p12                = {{nowrap|[[Ganghwa County]]}}
| elevation_max_m    = 
| elevation_max_ft   = 
| timezone           = Korea Standard Time
| utc_offset         = +9
| blank_name         = [[Dialects of Korean|Dialect]]
| blank_info         = [[Gyeonggi dialect|Gyeonggi]]
| blank1_name        = Flower
| blank1_info        = [[Rose]]
| blank2_name        = Tree
| blank2_info        = [[Liriodendron|Tulip tree]]
| blank3_name        = Bird
| blank3_info        = [[Crane (bird)|Crane]]
| blank4_name        = 
| blank4_info        = 
| blank5_name        = 
| blank5_info        = 
| demographics_type2 = GDP
| demographics2_title1 = Total
| demographics2_info1 = [[KR₩]]104 trillion<br />[[US$]]83 billion (2022)
| p13                = {{nowrap|[[Ongjin County, Incheon|Ongjin County]]}}
| anthem             = Song of Incheon
}}

'''Incheon'''{{efn|{{Korean|hangul=인천}}; {{IPA|ko|intɕʰʌ̹n}}; or '''Inch'ŏn'''; literally "kind river"), formerly '''Jemulpo''' or '''Chemulp'o''' ({{Korean|hangul=제물포}}) until the period after 1910, officially the '''Incheon Metropolitan City''' ({{Korean|hangul=인천광역시|labels=no}})}} is a city located in northwestern [[South Korea]], bordering [[Seoul]] and [[Gyeonggi Province]] to the east. Inhabited since the [[Neolithic]], Incheon was home to just 4,700 people when it became an international port in 1883. As of February 2020, about 3 million people live in the city, making it South Korea's third-most-populous city after [[Seoul]] and [[Busan]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://kosis.kr/statHtml/statHtml.do?orgId=101&tblId=DT_1IN1502&conn_path=I2&language=en | title=Population, Households and Housing Units | publisher=[[Statistics Korea]] | date=2022-07-28 | access-date=2023-01-25 | archive-date=25 January 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230125161339/https://kosis.kr/statHtml/statHtml.do?orgId=101&tblId=DT_1IN1502&conn_path=I2&language=en | url-status=live }}</ref>

The city's growth has been assured in modern times with the development of its port due to its natural advantages as a coastal city and its proximity to the South Korean capital. It is part of the [[Seoul Metropolitan Area]], along with Seoul itself and [[Gyeonggi Province]], forming the world's fourth-largest [[List of metropolitan areas by population|metropolitan area by population]].

Incheon has since led the economic development of South Korea by opening its port to the outside world, ushering in the modernization of South Korea as a center of industrialization. In 2003, the city was designated as South Korea's first free economic zone.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bost |first=F. |title=World Free Zones Organization; Index cards by country; SOUTH KOREA |url=https://www.worldfzo.org/Portals/0/OpenContent/Files/487/South_Korea.pdf |access-date=15 April 2024 |website=World Free Zones Organization |archive-date=5 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705053856/https://www.worldfzo.org/Portals/0/OpenContent/Files/487/South_Korea.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lee |first=Changwon |date=2005-12-01 |title=Development of Free Economic Zones and Labor Standards: A Case Study of Free Economic Zones in Korea |url=https://hdl.handle.net/1813/89761 |journal=DigitalCollections@ILR |hdl=1813/89761 |language=en-US}}</ref> Since then, large local companies and global enterprises have increasingly invested in the [[Incheon Free Economic Zone]], including [[Samsung]] which chose [[Songdo International Business District|Songdo]] International City as its new investment destination for its bio industry.{{citation needed|date=March 2022}}

As an international city, Incheon has held numerous large-scale international conferences, such as the Incheon Global Fair & Festival in 2009. The 17th [[2014 Asian Games|Asian Games Incheon 2014]] was also held in Incheon on 19 September 2014. Incheon is also a major transportation hub in northeast Asia, with [[Incheon International Airport]] and Incheon Port.{{citation needed|date=March 2022}} The large volume of port traffic makes Incheon a Large-Port Metropolis using the Southampton System of Port-City classification.<ref>{{cite journal | doi=10.1080/03088839.2020.1802785 | title=The Southampton system: A new universal standard approach for port-city classification | year=2021 | last1=Roberts | first1=Toby | last2=Williams | first2=Ian | last3=Preston | first3=John | journal=Maritime Policy & Management | volume=48 | issue=4 | pages=530–542 | s2cid=225502755 | doi-access=free }}</ref>