Editing Indeterminism (section)

{{short description|Philosophical concept}}
{{For|a similar subject|Indeterminacy (philosophy)}}
{{More citations needed|date=June 2011}}

'''Indeterminism''' is the idea that [[wikt:event|events]] (or certain events, or events of certain types) are not [[causality|caused]], or are not caused [[determinism|deterministically]].

It is the opposite of determinism and related to '''chance'''. It is highly relevant to the philosophical problem of [[free will]], particularly in the form of metaphysical [[Libertarianism (metaphysics)|libertarianism]]. In [[science]], most specifically [[Quantum mechanics|quantum theory]] in [[physics]], indeterminism is the belief that no event is certain and the entire outcome of anything is [[probability|probabilistic]]. [[Heisenberg's uncertainty principle]] and the "[[Born rule]]", proposed by [[Max Born]], are often starting points in support of the indeterministic nature of the universe.<ref>The Born rule itself does not imply whether the observed indeterminism is due to the object, to the measurement system, or both. The [[ensemble interpretation]] by Born does not require fundamental indeterminism and lack of causality.</ref>  Indeterminism is also asserted by [[Sir Arthur Eddington#Indeterminism|Sir Arthur Eddington]], and [[Murray Gell-Mann]]. Indeterminism has been promoted by the French biologist [[Jacques Monod]]'s essay "''[[Chance and Necessity]]''".
The physicist-chemist [[Ilya Prigogine]] argued for indeterminism in [[complex systems]].
<!-- Refs from tychsim paper: Mellor 1990, von Mises 1981, Popper 1972 and 1982, Suppes 1970 and 1984, and Shimony 1993.
MELLOR, H. 1971. The Matter of Chance. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
SUPPES, P. 1970. A Probabilistic Theory of Causality. Amsterdam: North Holland.
SUPPES. P. 1984. Probabilistic Metaphysics. Oxford: Blackwell.
SHIMONY, A. 1993. Search For A Naturalistic World View, Vol. II: Natural Science and
Metaphysics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
VON MISES, R. 1981. Probability, Statistics and Truth. New York: Dover.-->