Editing Indiana-class battleship (section)

{{Short description|Pre-dreadnought battleship class of the United States Navy}}
{{Use shortened footnotes|date=October 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2021}}
{| {{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image
| Ship image = [[File:USS Indiana (BB-1) - NH 73975.jpg|300px|alt=A battleship with a white hull is steaming at sea, men crowd its main deck]]
| Ship caption = USS ''Indiana'' – the lead ship of the class
}}
{{Infobox ship class overview
| Builders =
* [[William Cramp and Sons|William Cramp & Sons]] ({{USS|Indiana|BB-1|2}} and {{USS|Massachusetts|BB-2|2}})
* [[Union Iron Works]] ({{USS|Oregon|BB-3|2}}){{sfn|Reilly|Scheina|1980|p=51}}

| Operators = [[File:Flag of the United States (1908-1912).svg|20px]] United States Navy
| Class before = {{USS|Texas|1892|6}}
| Class after = {{USS|Iowa|BB-4|6}}
| Subclasses =
| Cost =
* [[United States dollar|$]]6,000,000 ''Indiana'' (BB-1) and
* ''Massachusetts'' (BB-2){{sfn|Reilly|Scheina|1980|p=69}}
* $6,500,000 ''Oregon'' (BB-3){{sfn|Reilly|Scheina|1980|p=69}}

| Built range =
| In commission range = 20 November 1895 – 4 October 1919
| Total ships building =
| Total ships planned = 3
| Total ships completed = 3
| Total ships retired = 3
| Total ships preserved = 0
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
| Hide header =
| Header caption = {{sfn|Reilly|Scheina|1980|p=68}} {{sfn|Chesneau|Koleśnik|Campbell|1979|p=140}}{{sfn|Friedman|1985|p=425}}{{sfn|Bryan|1901}}
| Ship type = [[Pre-dreadnought battleship]]
| Ship displacement = {{cvt|10288|LT|t ST|lk=on}} (standard)
| Ship length =
* {{cvt|350|ft|11|in|lk=on}} ([[length overall|overall]])
* {{cvt|358|ft}} ([[Waterline length|waterline]])
| Ship beam = {{cvt|69|ft|3|in}} (wl)
| Ship draft= {{cvt|27|ft}}
| Ship power =
* 4 × [[Scotch marine boiler#Double-ended|double ended Scotch boilers]] later replaced by 8 × [[Babcock & Wilcox boiler]]s
* {{cvt|9000|ihp|MW|lk=in}} (design)
* {{cvt|9700|-|11000|ihp|MW}} (trial)
| Ship propulsion =
* 2 sets vertical inverted [[triple expansion]] [[reciprocating steam engine]]s
* 2 × [[Propeller|screws]]
| Ship speed =
* {{cvt|15|kn}} (design)
* {{cvt|15.6|-|16.8|kn}} (trial)
| Ship range =
* {{cvt|4900|nmi|-2}} (BB-1 & 2){{efn|name=range}}
* {{cvt|5600|nmi|-2}} (BB-3){{efn|name=range}}

| Ship complement = 32 officers 441 men
| Ship armament =
*  4 × [[13"/35 caliber gun|{{cvt|13|in|0}}/35 caliber guns]] (2x2)
*  8 × [[8"/35 caliber gun|{{cvt|8|in|0}}/35 cal guns]] (4x2)
*  4 × [[6"/40 caliber gun|{{cvt|6|in|0}}/40 cal guns]]
* 20 × [[QF 6 pounder Hotchkiss#American service|6-pounder {{cvt|57|mm|1}} guns]]
*  6 × [[QF 1-pounder pom-pom#United States|1-pounder {{cvt|37|mm|1}} guns]]
*  6 × [[American 18 inch torpedo|18 inch (450 mm)]] [[torpedo tubes]]{{efn|name=torpedo}}
| Ship armor =* [[Harvey armor|Harvey]] and [[Nickel-steel|NS]]
* [[Belt armor|Belt]]: {{cvt|4|-|18|in|0}}
* [[Gun turret#Warships|Turrets]] (main): {{cvt|15|in|0}}
* [[Barbette]]s (main): {{cvt|17|in|0}}
* Turrets (secondary): {{cvt|5|-|8|in|0}}
* Barbettes (secondary): 8-in
* [[Conning tower]]: {{cvt|9|in|0}}
| Ship notes =
}}
|}

The '''''Indiana'' class''' was a class of three [[pre-dreadnought battleship]]s launched in 1893. These were the first battleships built by the [[United States Navy]] comparable to contemporary European ships, such as the British {{HMS|Hood|1891|6}}. Authorized in 1890 and commissioned between November 1895 and April 1896, these were relatively small battleships with heavy armor and ordnance that pioneered the use of an [[Pre-dreadnought battleship#Armament|intermediate battery]]. Specifically intended for [[Coastal defence and fortification|coastal defense]], their [[freeboard (nautical)|freeboard]] was insufficient to deal well with the waves of the open ocean. The [[Gun turret#Warships|turrets]] lacked counterweights, and the main [[belt armor]] was placed too low to be effective under most conditions.

The ships were named {{USS|Indiana|BB-1|2}}, {{USS|Massachusetts|BB-2|2}}, and {{USS|Oregon|BB-3|2}} and were designated ''Battleship Number 1'' through ''3''. All three served in the [[Spanish–American War]], although ''Oregon''—which was stationed on the [[West Coast of the United States|West Coast]]—had to cruise {{convert|14000|nmi|lk=on}} around South America to the [[East Coast of the United States|East Coast]] first. After the war, ''Oregon'' returned to the Pacific and participated in the [[Philippine–American War]] and [[Boxer Rebellion]], while her sister ships were restricted to training missions in the Atlantic Ocean. After 1903, the obsolete battleships were decommissioned and recommissioned several times, the last time during [[World War I]] when ''Indiana'' and ''Massachusetts'' served as training ships, while ''Oregon'' was a transport escort for the [[Siberian Intervention]].

In 1919, all three ships were decommissioned for the final time. ''Indiana'' was sunk in shallow water as an explosives test target a year later and sold for scrap in 1924. ''Massachusetts'' was [[scuttled]] off the coast of [[Pensacola]] in 1920 and used as an artillery target. The wreck was never scrapped and is now a [[Florida Underwater Archaeological Preserve]]. ''Oregon'' was initially preserved as a museum, but was sold for scrap during [[World War II]]. The scrapping was later halted and the stripped hulk was used as an ammunition barge during the [[Battle of Guam (1944)|battle of Guam]]. The hulk was finally sold for scrap in 1956.