Editing Integral fast reactor (section)

{{short description|Nuclear reactor design}}
[[File:ANLWFuelConditioningFacility.jpg|thumb|upright=1.5|[[Experimental Breeder Reactor II]], which served as the prototype for the integral fast reactor (IFR)]]

The '''integral fast reactor''' ('''IFR'''), originally the '''advanced liquid-metal reactor''' ('''ALMR'''), is a design for a [[nuclear reactor]] using [[fast neutron]]s and no [[neutron moderator]] (a [[fast-neutron reactor|"fast" reactor]]). IFRs can breed more fuel and are distinguished by a [[nuclear fuel cycle]] that uses [[nuclear reprocessing#Pyroprocessing|reprocessing]] via [[electrorefining]] at the reactor site.  The IFR was a [[sodium-cooled fast reactor]] (SFR) is its closest surviving [[fast breeder reactor]], a type of [[Generation IV reactor]].

The [[U.S. Department of Energy]] (DOE) began designing an IFR in 1984 and built a prototype, the [[Experimental Breeder Reactor II]]. On April 3, 1986, two tests demonstrated the safety of the IFR concept. These tests simulated accidents involving loss of [[coolant]] flow. Even with its normal shutdown devices disabled, the reactor shut itself down safely without overheating anywhere in the system. The IFR project was canceled by the [[US Congress]] in 1994, three years before completion.<ref name=ANL>[http://www.ne.anl.gov/About/reactors/integral-fast-reactor.shtml The IFR] at [[Argonne National Laboratory]], ''www.ne.anl.gov'', accessed 1 November 2022</ref>

[[S-PRISM]] (from SuperPRISM), also called PRISM (power reactor innovative small module), is the name of a nuclear power plant design by [[GE Hitachi Nuclear Energy]] based on the IFR.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.genewscenter.com/Press-Releases/GE-Hitachi-Nuclear-Energy-Encourages-Congress-to-Support-Development-of-Recycling-Technology-to-Turn-Used-Nuclear-Fuel-into-an-Asset-1b9f.aspx |title=GE Hitachi Nuclear Energy Encourages Congress to Support Development of Recycling Technology to Turn Used Nuclear Fuel into an Asset – GE Energy press release |publisher=Genewscenter.com |date=2009-06-18 |access-date=2014-01-24 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203015654/http://www.genewscenter.com/Press-Releases/GE-Hitachi-Nuclear-Energy-Encourages-Congress-to-Support-Development-of-Recycling-Technology-to-Turn-Used-Nuclear-Fuel-into-an-Asset-1b9f.aspx |archive-date=2013-12-03 }}</ref> In 2022, GE Hitachi Nuclear Energy and [[TerraPower]] began exploring locating five ''Natrium'' SFR-based nuclear power plants in [[Kemmerer, Wyoming]]; the design incorporates a PRISM reactor plus TerraPower's Traveling Wave design with a molten salt storage system.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Natrium |url=https://www.nrc.gov/reactors/new-reactors/advanced/licensing-activities/pre-application-activities/natrium.html |access-date=2022-10-28 |website=NRC Web |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Patel |first=Sonal |date=2022-10-27 |title=PacifiCorp, TerraPower Evaluating Deployment of Up to Five Additional Natrium Advanced Reactors |url=https://www.powermag.com/pacificorp-terrapower-evaluating-deployment-of-up-to-five-additional-natrium-advanced-reactors/ |access-date=2022-10-27 |website=POWER Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref>