Editing Inverted roller coaster (section)

{{Short description|Type of roller coaster}}
{{more citations needed|date=December 2018}}
{{Infobox attraction model
| name                = Inverted roller coaster
| logo                = <!--Use ONLY the filename, not a full [[Image:]] link-->
| logo_width          = <!--Default is 250px-->
| image               = Nemesis at Alton Towers 240 (4756752644).jpg
| imagedimensions     = 250px
| caption             = [[Nemesis Reborn|Nemesis]] at [[Alton Towers]] in 2010
| status              = in production
| first_produced      = 1992
| No. of installations= 189
| manufacturer2       = [[Bolliger & Mabillard]], [[Vekoma]], [[Intamin]], [[Gerstlauer]], and [[Mack Rides]]
| designer            =
| height_ft           = <!--Must be expressed in feet and may contain only numeric characters.-->
| height_m            = <!--Must be expressed in metres and may contain only numeric characters.-->
| drop_ft             = <!--Must be expressed in feet and may contain only numeric characters.-->
| drop_m              = <!--Must be expressed in metres and may contain only numeric characters.-->
| length_ft           = <!--Must be expressed in feet and may contain only numeric characters.-->
| length_m            = <!--Must be expressed in metres and may contain only numeric characters.-->
| speed_mph           = <!--Must be expressed in miles per hour and may contain only numeric characters.-->
| speed_km/h          = <!--Must be expressed in kilometres per hour and may contain only numeric characters.-->
| Inversions        =
| gforce              =
| capacity = <!--If number is known, include this parameter.-->
<!--Use only one of vehicles, rows, participants, or audience-->
| vehicle_type        =
| vehicles            = Suspended trains
| riders_per_vehicle  =  <!--Only use if vehicles has been specified.-->
| rows                =
| riders_per_row      =  <!--Only use if rows has been specified.-->
| participants_per_group= <!--Only use if neither rows or vehicles is applicable.-->
| audience_capacity   = <!--For shows-->
| duration            =
| restraint           = Over-the-shoulder (most common style)
| custom_label_1      =
| custom_value_1      =
| custom_label_2      =
| custom_value_2      =
|rcdb_number          =  <!--The number in the URL of the coaster's RCDB page. This parameter should only be used for roller coaster models.-->
}}

An '''inverted roller coaster''' is a type of [[steel roller coaster]] in which the [[roller coaster train|train]] runs under the track with the seats directly attached to the wheel carriage. Riders are seated in open cars, letting their feet swing freely. The inverted coaster was pioneered by Swiss roller coaster manufacturer [[Bolliger & Mabillard]] in the early 1990s with the development of [[Batman: The Ride]], which opened at [[Six Flags Great America]] on May 9, 1992.

[[Image:Inverted coaster car front view.png|left|thumb|200px|B&M style inverted roller coaster car.]]Versions of inverted coasters have since been produced by other major coaster manufacturers such as [[Vekoma]] and [[Intamin]]. Intamin has few designs classified as inverted coasters, although they do install inverted coaster trains on some of their launched designs. Vekoma, however, predominantly mass-produced the same design ([[Suspended Looping Coaster]]) with 41 identical coasters installed around the world, though Vekoma now markets a newer style of inverted coaster, the Suspended Thrill Coaster, which utilises lap-bar restraints instead of the traditional over-the-shoulder restraints.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://rcdb.com/cm7.htm |title=Vekoma |website=rcdb.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060516021044/http://www.rcdb.com/cm7.htm |archive-date=2006-05-16}} </ref> Vekoma was also the first manufacturer to install a [[Suspended Family Coaster|family-friendly inverted roller coaster]] with the opening of [[Flying Ace Aerial Chase]] at [[Kings Island]] in 2001. [[Giovanola]] also has a single inverted coaster operating, which uses the box-track design, also used by [[Bolliger & Mabillard]].

The inverted coaster differs from the older [[Suspended Swing roller coaster|suspended coaster]], which runs under the track, but features cars that enclose the rider's legs and lower body and are attached to the track above by a pivoting bar, whereas the trains on inverted coasters are directly attached to the track. This direct attachment facilitates [[Roller coaster inversion|inversions]], which aren't possible on suspended coasters. Inversions typically featured on inverted coasters include [[vertical loop]]s, [[zero-g roll]]s, [[Immelmann loop]]s, [[cobra roll]]s, and [[Roller coaster element#Corkscrew|corkscrews]], though Vekoma's suspended loopers typically feature [[Roller coaster element|sidewinder]] and in-line twist elements.