Editing Involuntary commitment (section)

{{Short description|Compulsory hospitalization}}
{{Redirect2|Sectioning|Sectioned|the relevant legislation|Mental Health Act 1983}}
{{about|involuntary hospitalization for those with severe mental disorder|voluntary treatment|voluntary commitment}}
'''Involuntary commitment''', '''civil commitment''', or '''involuntary hospitalization'''/'''hospitalisation''', or informally in Britain '''sectioning''', '''being sectioned''', '''commitment''', or '''being committed''',<ref>{{cite web |date=August 2013 |title=Being sectioned (in England and Wales) |website=Royal College of Psychiatrists |url=http://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/healthadvice/problemsdisorders/beingsectionedengland.aspx }}</ref> is a legal process through which an individual who is deemed by a qualified person to have symptoms of severe [[mental disorder]] is detained in a [[psychiatric hospital]] (inpatient) where they can be [[involuntary treatment|treated involuntarily]]. This treatment may involve the administration of [[psychoactive drugs]], including involuntary administration. In many jurisdictions, people diagnosed with mental health disorders can also be forced to undergo treatment while in the community; this is sometimes referred to as [[outpatient commitment]] and shares legal processes with commitment.

Criteria for civil commitment are established by laws which vary between nations. Commitment proceedings often follow a period of emergency hospitalization, during which an individual with acute psychiatric symptoms is confined for a relatively short duration (e.g. 72 hours) in a treatment facility for evaluation and stabilization by mental health professionals who may then determine whether further civil commitment is appropriate or necessary. Civil commitment procedures may take place in a [[court]] or only involve physicians. If commitment does not involve a court there is normally an [[appeal]] process that does involve the judiciary in some capacity, though potentially through a specialist court.{{efn|name=no-court|See table 2, many countries such as Australia, Denmark, England and Spain do not require the involvement of the judiciary for commitment.<ref name="no-court-1">{{cite journal | last1=Rains | first1=Luke Sheridan | last2=Zenina | first2=Tatiana | last3=Dias | first3=Marisa Casanova | last4=Jones | first4=Rebecca | last5=Jeffreys | first5=Stephen | last6=Branthonne-Foster | first6=Stella | last7=Lloyd-Evans | first7=Brynmor | last8=Johnson | first8=Sonia | title=Variations in patterns of involuntary hospitalisation and in legal frameworks: an international comparative study | journal=The Lancet Psychiatry | volume=6 | issue=5 | date=2019-05-01 | issn=2215-0366 | pmid=30954479 | doi=10.1016/S2215-0366(19)30090-2 | pages=403–417 | pmc=6475657 | doi-access=free }}</ref>  See <ref name="tribunals">{{cite journal | last1=Macgregor | first1=Aisha | last2=Brown | first2=Michael | last3=Stavert | first3=Jill | title=Are mental health tribunals operating in accordance with international human rights standards? A systematic review of the international literature | journal=Health & Social Care in the Community | publisher=Wiley | volume=27 | issue=4 | date=2019-04-16 | pages=e494–e513 | issn=0966-0410 | doi=10.1111/hsc.12749 | pmid=30993806 | doi-access=free }}</ref> for a discussion of mental-health tribunals.}}