Editing Isaiah (section)

{{short description|Israelite prophet}}
{{about|the prophet|the book bearing the prophet's name|Book of Isaiah|other uses|Isaiah (disambiguation)}}
{{Redirect-multi|3|Isaias|Esaias|Yeshayahu|the given name|Isaiah (given name)|the 2020 hurricane|Hurricane Isaias}}{{Redirects here|Saint Isaiah|other saints|Saint Isaiah (disambiguation)}}{{Infobox saint
|name= Isaiah
|birth_date=8th century BC
|death_date=7th century BC
|feast_day=May 9<ref>St. John the Baptist Byzantine Catholic Cathedral, [http://www.stjohnsbyzantinecathedral.com/cathedral/catechesis-on-icons/left-wall/holy-prophet-isaiah Holy Prophet Isaiah] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170627230138/http://stjohnsbyzantinecathedral.com/cathedral/catechesis-on-icons/left-wall/holy-prophet-isaiah |date=2017-06-27 }}</ref><br/>Thursday after the [[Feast of the Transfiguration]] ([[Armenian Apostolic Church]])<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.qahana.am/en/holidays|title=Holidays &#124; Qahana.am|access-date=2021-07-14|archive-date=2022-02-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220201201847/https://www.qahana.am/en/holidays|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|venerated_in=[[Judaism]]<br />[[Christianity]]<br />[[Islam]]<ref name="ReferenceA">''Historical Dictionary of Prophets in Islam and Judaism'', B. M. Wheeler, Appendix II</ref><br />[[Baháʼí Faith]]<ref name="Dann J. May">{{Cite thesis  | last =  May  | first = Dann J  | title = The Baháʼí Principle of Religious Unity and the Challenge of Radical Pluralism   |date=December 1993  | pages = 102  | publisher = University of North Texas, Denton, Texas  | url = http://iii.library.unt.edu/record=b1785599~S12| contribution = Web Published   | contribution-url = http://bahai-library.com/may_principle_religious_unity}}</ref> <br />[[Rastafari]]
|image=Jesaja (Michelangelo).jpg
|imagesize= 
|caption=Fresco from the [[Sistine Chapel ceiling]] by [[Michelangelo]]
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|titles=Prophet
|beatified_date=
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|major_works = [[Book of Isaiah]]
|major_shrine=
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}}

'''Isaiah''' ({{IPAc-en|uk|aɪ|ˈ|z|aɪ|.|ə}} or {{IPAc-en|us|aɪ|ˈ|z|eɪ|.|ə}};<ref>{{cite book|title= Longman pronunciation dictionary |first= John C. |last= Wells |publisher= Longman |location= Harlow, England |year= 1990 |isbn= 978-0-582-05383-0 |page= 378 |entry= Isaiah}}</ref><ref>Rippin, A., "S̲h̲aʿyā", in: Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition, edited by: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C. E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, W. P. Heinrichs.</ref> {{langx|he|{{Script/Hebrew|יְשַׁעְיָהוּ}}}}, ''Yəšaʿyāhū'', "[[Yahweh]] is salvation";<ref>''New Bible Dictionary'', Second Edition, Tyndale Press, Wheaton, IL, 1987.</ref> also known as '''Isaias'''<ref>{{Cite web |title=CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Isaias |url=https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08179b.htm |access-date=2022-12-27 |website= www.newadvent.org}}</ref> or '''Esaias'''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bible Gateway passage: Luke 4:17-21 - King James Version |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%204%3A17-21&version=KJV |access-date=2023-04-29 |website= Bible Gateway |language= en}}</ref> from {{langx|el|Ἠσαΐας}}) was the 8th-century BC Israelite [[Biblical prophet| prophet]] after whom the [[Book of Isaiah]] is named.<ref>''The Scofield Study Bible III, NKJV'', Oxford University Press</ref><ref>De Jong, Matthijs J., ''Isaiah Among The Ancient Near Eastern Prophets: A Comparative Study of the Earliest Stages of the Isaiah Tradition and the Neo-Assyrian Prophecies'', BRILL, 2007, [https://books.google.com/books?id=fFoWA4cLOisC&pg=PA17 pp. 13–17]
</ref>

The text of the Book of Isaiah refers to Isaiah as "the prophet",<ref>''Hebrew-English Bible'', {{bibleverse||Isaiah|38:1|HE}}</ref> but the exact relationship between the Book of Isaiah and the actual prophet Isaiah is complicated. The traditional view is that all 66 chapters of the book of Isaiah were written by one man, Isaiah, possibly in two periods between 740 BC and {{circa}} 686 BC, separated by approximately 15 years.

Another widely held view suggests that parts of the [[Proto-Isaiah | first half of the book]] (chapters 1–39) originated with the historical prophet, interspersed with prose commentaries written in the time of King [[Josiah]] 100 years later, and that the [[Deutero-Isaiah | remainder of the book]] dates from immediately before and immediately after the end of the 6th-century BC [[Babylonian captivity |exile in Babylon]] (almost two centuries after the time of the historical prophet), and that perhaps these later chapters represent the work of an ongoing school of prophets who prophesied in accordance with his prophecies.{{efn|See the article "[[Book of Isaiah]]" for an extended overview of theories of its composition.}}