Editing Islam in Turkey (section)

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[[File:Ahmet Hamdi Akseki Mosque, Ankara 02.jpg|thumb|A modern mosque in [[Ankara]], Turkey]]
{{Religion in Turkey}}
{{Islam by country}}
{{Islam in Europe by country}}
[[Islam]] is the most practiced religion in [[Turkey]]. Most [[Turkish people|Turkish]] Sunni Muslims belong to the [[Hanafi]] school of jurisprudence. The established presence of Islam in the region that now constitutes modern Turkey dates back to the later half of the 11th century, when the [[Seljuk Empire|Seljuks]] started expanding into [[Eastern Anatolia Region|eastern Anatolia]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Aktas|first=Vahap|date=2014-01-01|title=Islamization of Anatolia and the Effects of Established Sufism (Orders)|url=https://doi.org/10.1080/09720073.2014.11891424|journal=The Anthropologist|volume=17|issue=1|pages=147–155|doi=10.1080/09720073.2014.11891424|s2cid=55540974|issn=0972-0073|access-date=27 October 2020|archive-date=22 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211122132935/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09720073.2014.11891424|url-status=live|url-access=subscription}}</ref>

While records count the number of Muslims as 99.8%,{{efn-ur|name=thirtythree|These are based on the existing religion information written on every citizen's national ID card, automatically passed on from the parents to every newborn, and do not necessarily represent individual choice. Furthermore, anyone who was not officially registered as Christian or Jewish by the time of the foundation of the republic, was automatically recorded as Muslim, and this label has been passed down to new generations. Therefore, the official number of Muslims also includes people with no religion; converted from Islam to a different religion than Islam; and anyone who is of a different religion than their parents but hasn't applied for a change of their individual records.}} this is likely to be an overestimation; most surveys estimate lower numbers at around 94%.<ref name="nsp.marmara.edu.tr">{{Cite book |last=Nişancı |first=Zübeyir |editor1=Ayşe Betül Aydın |editor2=Hatice Nur Keskin |date=21 March 2023 |title=Faith and Religiosity in Türkiye |url=https://nsp.marmara.edu.tr/dosya/nsp/Resimler/Faith-and-Religiosity-in-T%C3%BCrkiye-Z%C3%BCbeyir-Ni%C5%9Fanc%C4%B1.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230420223018/https://nsp.marmara.edu.tr/dosya/nsp/Resimler/Faith-and-Religiosity-in-T%C3%BCrkiye-Z%C3%BCbeyir-Ni%C5%9Fanc%C4%B1.pdf |archive-date=20 April 2023 |access-date=23 Aug 2023 |isbn=978-1-64205-906-9 |publisher=[[Marmara University]] |url-status=live |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/WVSDocumentationWV7.jsp | title=WVS Database }}</ref><ref>
{{Cite news | url = https://www.indyturk.com/node/619071/yazarlar/t%C3%BCrkiyede-i%CC%87nan%C3%A7-ve-dindarl%C4%B1k-ara%C5%9Ft%C4%B1rmas%C4%B1-yay%C4%B1mland%C4%B1-dindarla%C5%9Ft%C4%B1k-m%C4%B1 | title = "Türkiye'de İnanç ve Dindarlık" araştırması yayımlandı: Dindarlaştık mı, sekülerleştik mi? | trans-title = "Faith and Religiosity in Turkey" research was published: Have we become religious or secularized? | language = tr | date = 26 March 2023 | first = Nevzat | last = Çiçek | publisher = indyturk.com}}</ref><ref name=joshua>{{cite web|title=Country – Turkey|url=http://joshuaproject.net/countries/TU?page=1|publisher=Joshua Project|access-date=27 April 2014|archive-date=20 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160320162454/https://joshuaproject.net/countries/tu?page=1|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Optimar'dan din-inanç anketi: Yüzde 89 Allah'ın varlığına ve birliğine inanıyor |url=https://t24.com.tr/haber/optimar-dan-din-inanc-anketi-yuzde-89-allah-in-varligina-ve-birligine-inaniyor,821459 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200329054608/https://t24.com.tr/haber/optimar-dan-din-inanc-anketi-yuzde-89-allah-in-varligina-ve-birligine-inaniyor,821459 |archive-date=29 March 2020 |access-date=2023-05-21 |website=T24 |language=Turkish}}</ref> The most popular school of thought ([[maddhab]]) being the [[Hanafi]] school of [[Sunni Islam]] (about 90% of overall Muslim denominations). The remaining [[Muslim sects]], forming about 9% of the Muslim population,<ref name="usstate">{{cite web |title=Turkey: International Religious Freedom Report 2007 |url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/2007/90204.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191204131522/https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/2007/90204.htm |archive-date=4 December 2019 |access-date=22 September 2016 |publisher=U.S. Department of State}}</ref> consist of [[Alevis]], [[Ja'fari]]s (representing 1%<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://philtar.ucsm.ac.uk/encyclopedia/islam/shia/shia.html |title=Shi'a |access-date=12 August 2009 |archive-date=10 January 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110110113402/http://philtar.ucsm.ac.uk/encyclopedia/islam/shia/shia.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="pewforum.org" />) and [[Alawites]] (with an estimated population of around 500,000 to 1 million, or about 1%<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2012/10/201210217225938535.html | title=Syria strife tests Turkish Alawites &#124; Turkey &#124; al Jazeera | access-date=10 June 2016 | archive-date=1 October 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181001222038/https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2012/10/201210217225938535.html | url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="academia.edu" />). There is also a minority of [[Sufism|Sufi]] and [[non-denominational Muslims]].<ref name=pewforum.org>{{cite web|title=Pew Forum on Religious & Public life|url=http://www.pewforum.org/2012/08/09/the-worlds-muslims-unity-and-diversity-1-religious-affiliation/#identity|website=pewforum.org|access-date=29 October 2013|date=2012-08-09|archive-date=26 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161226113158/http://www.pewforum.org/2012/08/09/the-worlds-muslims-unity-and-diversity-1-religious-affiliation/#identity|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.allaboutturkey.com/sufi.htm|title=Sufism|publisher=All about Turkey|date=20 November 2006|access-date=1 November 2010|archive-date=8 June 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080608012500/http://www.allaboutturkey.com/sufi.htm|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=ÖZKÖK|first=Ertuğrul|title=Türkiye artık yüzde 99'u müslüman olan ülke değil|url=https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/yazarlar/ertugrul-ozkok/turkiye-artik-yuzde-99u-musluman-olan-ulke-degil-41220410|access-date=2020-08-13|website=www.hurriyet.com.tr|date=21 May 2019 |language=tr|archive-date=23 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190523014613/https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/yazarlar/ertugrul-ozkok/turkiye-artik-yuzde-99u-musluman-olan-ulke-degil-41220410|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://t24.com.tr/haber/optimar-dan-din-inanc-anketi-yuzde-89-allah-in-varligina-ve-birligine-inaniyor,821459 |title=Optimar'dan din-inanç anketi: Yüzde 89 Allah'ın varlığına ve birliğine inanıyor |publisher=T24.com.tr |access-date=2020-04-04 |archive-date=29 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200329054608/https://t24.com.tr/haber/optimar-dan-din-inanc-anketi-yuzde-89-allah-in-varligina-ve-birligine-inaniyor,821459 |url-status=live }}</ref>