Open main menu
Home
Random
Recent changes
Special pages
Community portal
Preferences
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Incubator escapee wiki
Search
User menu
Talk
Dark mode
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Editing
Isoelectronicity
(section)
Warning:
You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you
log in
or
create an account
, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.
Anti-spam check. Do
not
fill this in!
{{Short description|Identical electron configuration}} {{distinguish|text = [[Isoelectric (disambiguation)|Isoelectric]]}} {{multiple image |align = right |image1 = Carbon monoxide simple.svg |width1 = 150 |caption1 = Carbon monoxide molecule |image2 = Nitrosonium-2D-dimensions.png |width2 = 150 |caption2 = Nitrosonium ion |footer = Carbon monoxide and nitrosonium are isoelectronic }} '''Isoelectronicity''' is a [[phenomenon]] observed when two or more [[molecule]]s have the same [[chemical structure|structure]] (positions and connectivities among [[atom]]s) and the same [[electron configuration|electronic configuration]]s, but differ by what specific [[chemical element|elements]] are at certain locations in the structure. For example, {{chem|CO|link=carbon monoxide}}, {{chem|NO|+|link=nitrosonium}}, and {{chem|N|2|link=Nitrogen}} are isoelectronic, while {{chem|CH|3|CO|CH|3|link=acetone}} and {{chem|CH|3|N}}={{chem|N|CH|3|}} are not.<ref>{{GoldBookRef|title=isoelectronic|file=I03276}}</ref> This definition is sometimes termed '''valence isoelectronicity'''. Definitions can sometimes be not as strict, sometimes requiring identity of the total [[electron]] count and with it the entire [[electron configuration|electronic configuration]].<ref>[http://www.iun.edu/~cpanhd/C101webnotes/chemical-bond/isoelectronic.html Isoelectronic Configurations] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170717073429/http://www.iun.edu/~cpanhd/C101webnotes/chemical-bond/isoelectronic.html |date=2017-07-17 }} ''iun.edu''</ref> More usually, definitions are broader, and may extend to allowing different numbers of atoms in the [[chemical species|species]] being compared.<ref>A. A. Aradi & T. P. Fehlner, "Isoelectronic Organometallic Molecules", in F. G. A. Stone & Robert West (eds.) ''Advances in Organometallic Chemistry Vol. 30'' (1990), Chapter 5 (at p. 190) [https://books.google.com/books?id=e6R4oMRDhvsC&pg=PA190 google books link]</ref> The importance of the concept lies in identifying significantly related species, as pairs or series. Isoelectronic species can be expected to show useful consistency and predictability in their properties, so identifying a compound as isoelectronic with one already characterised offers clues to possible properties and reactions. Differences in properties such as [[electronegativity]] of the atoms in isolelectronic species can affect reactivity. In [[quantum mechanics]], [[hydrogen-like atom]]s are [[ion]]s with only one electron such as {{chem|Li|2+|link=lithium}}. These ions would be described as being isoelectronic with [[hydrogen]].
Edit summary
(Briefly describe your changes)
By publishing changes, you agree to the
Terms of Use
, and you irrevocably agree to release your contribution under the
CC BY-SA 4.0 License
and the
GFDL
. You agree that a hyperlink or URL is sufficient attribution under the Creative Commons license.
Cancel
Editing help
(opens in new window)