Editing Jacquerie (section)

{{Short description|French peasant uprising in 1358}}
{{about|a specific 14th century French peasant uprising|the general concept|List of peasant revolts}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2020}}
[[Image:Jacquerie repression.jpg|thumb|Prisoners in an illuminated manuscript by [[Jean Froissart]]]]
{{Campaignbox Edwardian War}}

The '''Jacquerie''' ({{IPA|fr|ʒakʁi|lang}}) was a [[popular revolt in late-medieval Europe|popular revolt]] by [[peasant]]s that took place in northern [[France]] in the early summer of 1358 during the [[Hundred Years' War]].<ref>Froissart's date of November 1357, is erroneous; the first incidents occurred on 28 May 1358 at Saint-Leu-d'Esserent and neighbouring villages (J. Flammermont, 'La Jacquerie en Beauvaisis', ''Revue historique'', 9 (1879): 123–43.)</ref> The revolt was centred in the valley of the [[Oise (river)|Oise]] north of [[Paris]] and was suppressed after over two months of violence.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Firnhaber-Baker |first=Justine |title=The Jacquerie of 1358: A French Peasants' Revolt |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2021 |isbn=978-0198856412 |location=Oxford |language=en}}</ref> This rebellion became known as "the Jacquerie" because the nobles derided peasants as "Jacques" or "Jacques Bonhomme" for their padded [[surplice]], called a "[[Gambeson|jacque]]".<ref name=Tuchman>{{Cite book|title=[[A Distant Mirror]]|author=Barbara Tuchman|author-link=Barbara Tuchman|publisher=Alfred A. Knopf, New York (1978)|page=155ff}}</ref> The aristocratic chronicler [[Jean Froissart]] and his source, the chronicle of [[Jean Le Bel|Jean le Bel]], referred to the leader of the revolt as Jacque Bonhomme ("Jack Goodfellow"), though in fact the Jacquerie 'great captain' was named [[Guillaume Cale]]. The word ''jacquerie'' became a synonym of peasant uprisings in general in both English and French.<ref>The first attestation of the word Jacquerie for the revolt comes from a manuscript of 1360, Paris, Archives nationales JJ 88, no. 43, fol. 29v 'Chartre de Jacquerie'. The term 'Jacques' for the rebels first appears in a manuscript from October 1358, Archives nationales JJ 86, no. 430, fol. 151r. It derives from the nickname Jacques Bonhommes given to common-born footsoldiers, attested well before the Jacquerie. See Justine Firnhaber-Baker, ''The Jacquerie of 1358: A French Peasants Revolt''. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2021.</ref>