Editing Kálmán Kalocsay (section)

{{Short description|Hungarian Esperantist poet, translator and editor}}
{{Expand Hungarian|topic=bio|Kalocsay Kálmán|date=November 2010}}
{{Eastern name order|Kalocsay Kálmán}}
{{Infobox person
| name               = Kálmán Kalocsay
| image              = Kalman Kalocsay 1.jpg
| birth_date         = {{Birth date|1891|10|06}}
| birth_place        = [[Abaújszántó]]
| death_date         = {{Death date and age|1976|02|23|1891|10|06}}
| death_place        = [[Budapest]]
| education          = [[University of Budapest]] <br/><small>(—1916, medicine)</small>
| occupation         = Infectious disease specialist<br/>
Poet<br/>
Translator<br/>
[[Esperantist]]
| signature          = Kalman Kalocsay signature.svg
}}
[[File:Kalocsay.jpg|thumb|Kálmán Kalocsay]]

'''Kálmán Kalocsay''' ({{IPA|hu|ˈkaːlmaːn ˈkɒlot͡ʃɒi}}; 6 October 1891 in [[Abaújszántó]] &ndash; 27 February 1976) was a [[Hungary|Hungarian]] [[Esperantist]] poet, translator, and editor who significantly influenced [[Esperanto culture]], both in its literature and in the language itself, through his original poetry and his translations of literary works from his native [[Hungarian language|Hungarian]] and other languages of Europe. His name is sometimes Esperantized as '''Kolomano Kaloĉajo''', and some of his work was published under various pseudonyms, including ''C.E.R. Bumy, Kopar, Alex Kay, K. Stelov, Malice Pik'' and ''Peter Peneter''.

Kalocsay studied medicine and later became a surgeon and the chief infectious disease specialist at a major Budapest hospital.{{Which|date=March 2024}} He learned both [[Esperanto]] and its breakaway dialect [[Ido (language)|Ido]] in his adolescence, but became more inclined towards Esperanto after he had seen its greater literary potential. In 1921 his first original collection of poems, ''Mondo kaj Koro'' (“World and heart”) was published. A further decade passed before the appearance of his collection ''Streĉita Kordo'' (“A taut string”), which many Esperantists{{Which|date=March 2024}} consider one of the finest collections of original Esperanto poetry,{{Citation needed|date=March 2024}} and ''Rimportretoj'' (“Portraits in rhyme”), witty poems in [[Rondel (poem)|rondel]] style about various people then prominent in the Esperanto movement. In 1932, under the pseudonym '''Peter Peneter''', he published ''Sekretaj Sonetoj'' (“Secret sonnets”), a book of erotic verse.

In addition to being a prolific author of Esperanto works, Kalocsay guided the Esperanto literary world through a magazine and publishing house called ''Literaturo Mondo'' (“Literary world”). A group of writers who coalesced around this magazine during the 1920s and 1930s were known as the "Budapest school" (''Budapeŝto skolo'').

Works of Kalocsay about literary and linguistic theory include the expansive ''Plena Gramatiko de Esperanto'' (“Complete grammar of Esperanto”) and ''Parnasa Gvidlibro'' (“Handbook of Parnassus”), a work on Esperanto poetics co-authored with [[Gaston Waringhien]], and an academic [[style guide]] for Esperanto, ''Lingvo – Stilo – Formo'' (“Language, style and form”). Kalocsay also co-compiled the two-volume ''[[Encyclopedia of Esperanto|Enciklopedio de Esperanto]]'' (“Encyclopædia of Esperanto”).

Much was written about Kalocsay by his literary executor [[:eo:Ada Csiszár|Ada Csiszár]], after whose death the estate passed to the [[Department of Planned Languages and Esperanto Museum|Esperanto Museum of the Austrian National Library]].