Editing Kamancheh (section)

{{Short description|Iranian bowed string instrument}}
{{About|the Iranian kamancheh|the related but different Pontian Greek, Turkish or Armenian instrument|Kemenche}}
{{Infobox instrument
| name           = Kamancheh
| names          = Kamancha, Kamanche, Kemancheh, Kamanjah, Kabak kemane
| image          = 2 Kamānches, Persia, ca. 1880.jpg
| image_capt     = Persian Kamānches, ca. 1880
| background     = string
| classification = Bowed strings
| developed      = [[Iran]]
| range          = g3-e7
| related        =
* [[Kemancheh Tarhu]]
* [[Shahkaman]]
* [[Ghaychak]]
* [[Rebab]]
* [[Sorahi]]
* [[Kemenche]]
| musicians      =
* [[Sayat Nova]]
* [[Ali-Asghar Bahari]]
* [[Kayhan Kalhor]]
* [[Ardeshir Kamkar]]
* [[Saeed Farajpouri]]
* [[Habil Aliev]]
* [[Mehdi Bagheri]]
| builders       = 
* [[Ebrahim Ghanbari Mehr]]
* [[Bayyaz Amir-Ataaie]]
* [[Saeed Maleki]]
* [[Qodratollah Kurdi]]
* [[Emad Kosari]]
| sound sample= {{Listen
| embed    = yes
| filename = Kamancheh Improvisation Played by Kayhan Kalhor.ogg
| title = Kamancheh music
| description = Kamancheh Improvisation Played by Kayhan Kalhor – Silk Road Project}}
}}
{{Infobox intangible heritage
| Image       = 
| Caption     = 
| ICH         = Art of crafting and playing with Kamantcheh/Kamancha, a bowed string musical instrument
| Domains     = 
| Countries   = [[Azerbaijan]] and [[Iran]]
| ID          = 01286
| Region      = 
| Year        = 2017
| Session     = 13th
| List        = Representative
}}
[[File:Kamancheh.jpg|thumb|upright|Kamancheh]]
The '''kamancheh''' (also '''kamānche''' or '''kamāncha''') ({{langx|fa|کمانچه}}, {{langx|az|kamança}}, {{langx|hy|քամանչա}}, {{langx|ku|کەمانچە  ,kemançe}}) is an Iranian [[bowed string instrument]] used in [[Persian traditional music|Persian]],<ref>{{cite book |title=Global Minstrels: Voices of World Music |date=2012 |publisher=Elijah Wald |isbn=9781135863685 |page=227}}</ref> [[Azerbaijani music|Azerbaijani]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://unesco.preslib.az/en/page/FWdGKng1R2 |title=Kamancha |author=<!--Not stated--> |publisher=UNESCO |quote=In the Republic of Azerbaijan it constitutes a major element of classical and folkloric music, and performances occupy a central place in a wide number of social and cultural gatherings.}}</ref> [[Armenian music|Armenian]],<ref>{{cite book|last=Dowsett|first=Charles|title=Sayatʻ-Nova: an 18th-century troubadour: a biographical and literary study|year=1997|publisher=[[Peeters (publishing company)|Peeters Publishers]]|location=Leuven|isbn=90-6831-795-4|authorlink=Charles Dowsett|page= 4}}</ref> [[Kurdish music|Kurdish]],<ref>{{cite news |title=Iranian Kurdish musician wins prestigious award |url=https://www.kurdistan24.net/en/news/46dfb901-1ecd-40d3-b8c7-1c872fe622d4 |access-date=24 March 2020 |agency=Kurdistan24 |date=19 August 2019}}</ref> [[Music of Georgia (country)|Georgian]], [[Music of Turkmenistan|Turkmen]], and [[Music of Uzbekistan|Uzbek music]] with slight variations in the structure of the instrument.<ref>{{cite web|title=Pastimes of Central Asians. Musicians. A Man Practising the Kamancha, a Long-necked Stringed Instrument|url=http://www.wdl.org/en/item/10824/#time_periods=1850-1899&page=8|work=[[World Digital Library]]| year=1865 |access-date=14 May 2014}}</ref><ref name=abc/> 

The kamancheh is related to the [[rebab]] which is the historical ancestor of the kamancheh and the bowed [[Byzantine lyra]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.mehrnews.com/detail/News/106573|title=Iranian string instrument 'Kamancheh' to be inscribed on UNESCO list|date=11 April 2015|access-date=1 May 2015}}</ref> The strings are played with a variable-tension [[Bow (music)|bow]].

In 2017, the art of crafting and playing with Kamantcheh/Kamancha was included into the [[UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists]] of Azerbaijan and Iran.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/art-of-crafting-and-playing-with-kamantcheh-kamancha-a-bowed-string-musical-instrument-01286 |title=Art of crafting and playing with Kamantcheh/Kamancha, a bowed string musical instrument |author=<!--Not stated--> |publisher=UNESCO }}</ref>