Editing Labyrinthitis (section)

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{{Infobox medical condition (new)
| name            = Labyrinthitis and vestibular neuritis
| image           = Right osseous labyrinth svg hariadhi.svg
| caption         = Diagram of the [[inner ear]]
| field           = [[Otorhinolaryngology]]
| synonyms        = Otitis interna, vestibular neuronitis, vestibular neuritis
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| frequency       = 3.5 cases per 100,000<ref name=Gre2014>{{cite journal|last1=Greco|first1=A|last2=Macri|first2=GF|last3=Gallo|first3=A|last4=Fusconi|first4=M|last5=De Virgilio|first5=A|last6=Pagliuca|first6=G|last7=Marinelli|first7=C|last8=de Vincentiis|first8=M|title=Is vestibular neuritis an immune related vestibular neuropathy inducing vertigo?|journal=Journal of Immunology Research|date=2014|volume=2014|pages=459048|pmid=24741601|doi=10.1155/2014/459048|pmc=3987789|doi-access=free}}</ref>
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<!-- Definition and symptoms -->

'''Labyrinthitis''' is inflammation of the [[Membranous labyrinth|labyrinth]], a maze of fluid-filled channels in the inner ear. '''Vestibular neuritis''' is inflammation of the vestibular nerve (the nerve in the ear that sends messages related to motion and position to the brain).<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/labyrinthitis/ | title=Labyrinthitis and vestibular neuritis | date=23 October 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book| title= Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2016: 5 Books in 1|date= 2015| publisher= Elsevier Health Sciences| isbn= 9780323378222 |page= 735| url= https://books.google.com/books?id=bbLSCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA735}}</ref><ref name=Hog2015>{{cite journal |last1= Hogue| first1= JD| title= Office Evaluation of Dizziness |journal= Primary Care| date=June 2015| volume= 42| issue=2|pages=249–258| pmid= 25979586| doi= 10.1016/j.pop.2015.01.004}}</ref> Both conditions involve [[inflammation]] of the [[inner ear]].<ref>{{cite web| title= Labyrinthitis|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMHT0027300/|website= [[National Library of Medicine]] | access-date=16 March 2018|language=en}}</ref> [[Bony labyrinth|Labyrinths]] that house the [[vestibular system]] sense changes in the head's position or the head's motion.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |date=1990-10-01|title=Clinical Methods: The History, Physical, and Laboratory Examinations| journal= Annals of Internal Medicine| volume=113|issue=7|pages=563|doi=10.7326/0003-4819-113-7-563_2|issn=0003-4819}}</ref> Inflammation of these inner ear parts results in a [[vertigo]] (sensation of the world spinning) and also possible [[hearing loss]] or [[tinnitus]] (ringing in the ears).<ref name=":1" /> It can occur as a single attack, a series of attacks, or a persistent condition that diminishes over three to six weeks. It may be associated with [[nausea]], [[vomiting]], and eye [[pathologic nystagmus|nystagmus]].

<!-- Cause -->
The cause is often not clear. It may be due to a [[virus]], but it can also arise from [[bacteria]]l infection, [[head injury]], extreme [[stress (biological)|stress]], an [[allergy]], or as a reaction to [[medication]]. 30% of affected people had a common cold prior to developing the disease.<ref name=Gre2014/> Either bacterial or viral labyrinthitis can cause a permanent hearing loss in rare cases.<ref>{{cite web|title=NLM|url=https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001054.htm}}</ref> This appears to result from an imbalance of neuronal input between the left and right inner ears.<ref name="Marill">{{cite web |last=Marill |first=Keith |title=Vestibular Neuronitis: Pathology |url=http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/794489-overview#showall |publisher=eMedicine, Medscape Reference |access-date=2011-08-07 |date=2011-01-13}}</ref>